Proanthocyanidins
(Synonyms: 2-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-2-((2-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-5,7-二氢色满-3-基)氧基)苯并二氢吡喃-3,4,5,7-四醇) 目录号 : GC32676
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Proanthocyanidins是黄酮类生物合成途径的终产物，是单体黄烷-3-醇的低聚物或聚合物。Proanthocyanidins是具有多种药理特性的缩合单宁。
Cas No.:20347-71-1
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Proanthocyanidins are oligo- or polymers of monomeric flavan-3-ols produced as end products of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. Proanthocyanidins are condensed tannins with various pharmacological properties [1,2]. Proanthocyanidins are commonly used in research related to antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, neuroprotective, and antimicrobial research.
In vitro, Proanthocyanidins (50μg/mL; 12h) reduced H2O2 level in 0.50mM H2O2-treated macrophage J774A.1 cells and neuronal PC-12 cells by 36% and 50%, respectively [3]. Proanthocyanidins (2.5, 5.0, 10.0, and 20.0μg/mL; 12h, 24h, and 48h) substantially reduced H2O2-induced cell apoptosis, oxidative stress and activation and translocation of NFκβ/p65 in cultured HLEB-3 cells [4].
In vivo, Proanthocyanidins (10mg/kg; oral; 6 weeks) reduced the serum concentrations of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), and reduced the serum level of glucose and glycosylated protein in a db/db type 2 diabetes model [5].
References:
[1]. Rauf, Abdur, et al. "Proanthocyanidins: A comprehensive review." Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 116 (2019): 108999.
[2]. Mizuno, Mirei, et al. "Synthesis and antioxidant activity of a procyanidin B3 analogue." Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 27.4 (2017): 1041-1044.
[3]. Bagchi, D., et al. "Hydrogen peroxide‐induced modulation of intracellular oxidized states in cultured macrophage J774A. 1 and neuroactive PC‐12 cells, and protection by a novel grape seed proanthocyanidin extract." Phytotherapy Research: An International Journal Devoted to Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluation of Natural Product Derivatives 12.8 (1998): 568-571.
[4]. Jia, Zhiyan, et al. "Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract protects human lens epithelial cells from oxidative stress via reducing NF-кB and MAPK protein expression." Molecular vision 17 (2011): 210.
[5]. Lee, Young A., Eun Ju Cho, and Takako Yokozawa. "Effects of proanthocyanidin preparations on hyperlipidemia and other biomarkers in mouse model of type 2 diabetes." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 56.17 (2008): 7781-7789.
Proanthocyanidins是黄酮类生物合成途径的终产物，是单体黄烷-3-醇的低聚物或聚合物。Proanthocyanidins是具有多种药理特性的缩合单宁[1,2]。Proanthocyanidins常用于抗氧化、抗癌、抗糖尿病、神经保护和抗微生物等研究领域。
在体外，Proanthocyanidins（50μg/mL；12h）可使0.50mM H2O2处理的巨噬细胞J774A.1和神经细胞PC-12中的H2O2水平分别降低36%和50%[3]。Proanthocyanidins (2.5, 5.0, 10.0, and 20.0μg/mL; 12h, 24h, and 48h)能显著降低过氧化氢诱导的HLEB-3细胞凋亡、氧化应激以及NFκβ/p65的活化和转位[4]。
在体内，Proanthocyanidins（10mg/kg；口服；6周）可降低db/db型2型糖尿病模型小鼠血清中甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）和非酯化脂肪酸（NEFA）的浓度，并降低血清葡萄糖和糖化蛋白水平[5]。
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
Cell lines | Macrophage J774A.1 cells and neuronal PC-12 cells |
Preparation Method | Oxidative stress in these cells was induced by incubating with 0.50mM hydrogen peroxide for 24h. The concentration-dependent protective ability of Proanthocyanidins was assessed by pre-incubating the cells with 50 and 100μg/mL of Proanthocyanidins for 12h. The overall intracellular oxidized states of cells before and after exposure to hydrogen peroxide and/or selected concentrations of Proanthocyanidins were assessed at an excitation wavelength of 513nm using a Meridian ACS 570 Scanning Confocal Laser Microscope and 2,7-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFD) as the fluorescent probe. |
Reaction Conditions | 50 and 100μg/mL; 12h. |
Applications | H2O2-induced 5.8 and 4.5-fold increases in fluorescence intensity in J774A.1 and PC12 cells, while 50μg/mL Proanthocyanidins decreased H2O2-induced fluorescence intensity by 36% and 50%, respectively. |
| Animal experiment [2]: | |
Animal models | Male, 5-wk-old, C57BL/Ksj-db/db mice |
Preparation Method | Male, 5-wk-old, C57BL/Ksj-db/db mice and their age-matched nondiabetic m/m littermates were kept in a plastic-bottomed cage and exposed to a 12h light/dark cycle. The room temperature (about 25°C) and humidity (about 60%) were controlled automatically. The mice were allowed free access to laboratory pellet chow (comprising 24.0% protein, 3.5% lipids, and 60.5% carbohydrate), and water was given ad libitum. After 10 days of adaptation, glucose and total cholesterol (TC) levels of blood taken from the tail vein were measured. Animals were divided into two groups (13∼14 mice/group, 3∼4 mice/cage). The db/db control group was given water (vehicle), while the other group wes administered Proanthocyanidins orally at a dose of 10mg/(kg body weight·day). |
Dosage form | 10mg/kg; oral; 6 weeks. |
Applications | Proanthocyanidins reduced the serum concentrations of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA). |
References: | |
| Cas No. | 20347-71-1 | SDF | |
| 别名 | 2-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-2-((2-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-5,7-二氢色满-3-基)氧基)苯并二氢吡喃-3,4,5,7-四醇 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | OC1C(OC2C(C3=CC=C(O)C(O)=C3)OC4=CC(O)=CC(O)=C4C2)(C5=CC=C(O)C(O)=C5)OC6=CC(O)=CC(O)=C6C1O | ||
| 分子式 | C30H26O13 | 分子量 | 594.52 |
| 溶解度 | Water: 5 mg/mL (8.41 mM; ultrasonic and adjust pH to 11 with Na2CO3) | 储存条件 | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。 为了提高溶解度，请将管子加热至37℃，然后在超声波浴中震荡一段时间。 |
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| Shipping Condition | 评估样品解决方案：配备蓝冰进行发货。所有其他可用尺寸：配备RT，或根据请求配备蓝冰。 | ||
| 制备储备液 | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 1.682 mL | 8.4101 mL | 16.8203 mL |
| 5 mM | 336.4 μL | 1.682 mL | 3.3641 mL |
| 10 mM | 168.2 μL | 841 μL | 1.682 mL |
| 第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量） | ||||||||||
| 给药剂量 | mg/kg |  |
动物平均体重 | g | |
每只动物给药体积 | ul | |
动物数量 | 只 |
| 第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系GLPBIO为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方） | ||||||||||
| % DMSO % % Tween 80 % saline | ||||||||||
| 计算重置 | ||||||||||
计算结果:
工作液浓度： mg/ml；
DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，
体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL saline，混匀澄清。
1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2.
一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。
3. 以上所有助溶剂都可在 GlpBio 网站选购。
Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >95.00% Appearance: A solid
- COA (Certificate of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet