Ganoderic Acid A is a triterpenoid compound derived from Ganoderma lucidumand exhibits multiple biological activities[1-2]. Ganoderic Acid A possesses inhibitory effects against cancer, oxidation, and aging, among others[3-4].
In vitro, concurrent treatment of BV2 microglial cells with Ganoderic Acid A (50μg/ml) and LPS (0.5μg/ml) for 24 hours significantly suppressed LPS-induced proliferation and activation of BV2 microglia, and promoted the polarization of microglia from the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype to the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype[5]. Treatment of MC3T3-E1 cells (induced with 1mM H₂O₂) and primary osteoblasts (induced with 250μM H₂O₂) with Ganoderic Acid A (5–80μM) for 24 hours significantly promoted osteogenic differentiation and mineralization nodule formation, and upregulated the protein expression of osteogenesis-related markers RUNX2, OPN, and β-catenin[6].
In vivo, intraperitoneal administration of Ganoderic Acid A (20–40mg/kg) 1 hour before Ovalbumin (0.1g) challenge in OVA-sensitized BALB/c mice significantly alleviated airway hyperresponsiveness and reduced the total number of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid[7]. Daily administration of Ganoderic Acid A (20mg/kg/d) via intraperitoneal injection or topical application for 6 days in Imiquimod (62.5mg per mouse)-induced psoriasiform dermatitis BALB/c mice significantly ameliorated skin erythema, thickening, and scaling, and lowered the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score[8].
References:
[1] Sui Q, Zhu C, Shi S, et al. Ganoderic acid A: an in-depth review of pharmacological effects and molecular docking analysis. J Ethnopharmacol. 2025 Jun 12;349:119868.
[2] Ma F, Wang J, Jiang W, et al. Ganoderic Acid A: A Potential Natural Neuroprotective Agent for Neurological Disorders: A Review. Int J Med Mushrooms. 2024;26(2):11-23.
[3] Zhang X, Huang S, Xu H, et al. Research progress on plant-derived natural compounds regulating the MAPK signaling pathway for the prevention and therapy of Alzheimer's disease. Front Pharmacol. 2025 Sep 19;16:1666082.
[4] Song Z, Wang C, Ding F, et al. Ganoderic Acid A Enhances Tumor Suppression Function of Oxaliplatin via Inducing the Cytotoxicity of T Cells. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2023;23(7):832-838.
[5] Jia Y, Zhang D, Yin H, et al. Ganoderic Acid A Attenuates LPS-Induced Neuroinflammation in BV2 Microglia by Activating Farnesoid X Receptor. Neurochem Res. 2021 Jul;46(7):1725-1736.
[6] Zhao J, Fan Y, Li H, et al. Ganoderic Acid A Prevented Osteoporosis by Modulating the PIK3CA/p-Akt/TWIST1 Signaling Pathway. Food Sci Nutr. 2025 Apr 14;13(4):e70177.
[7] Lu X, Xu C, Yang R, et al. Ganoderic Acid A Alleviates OVA-Induced Asthma in Mice. Inflammation. 2021 Oct;44(5):1908-1915.
[8] Xiao C, Chen J, Zhou X, et al. Ganoderic acid A alleviate psoriasis by inhibiting GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis. Tissue Cell. 2025 Dec;97:103078.
Ganoderic Acid A是一种来源于灵芝（Ganoderma lucidum）的三萜类化合物，具有多种生物活性[1-2]。Ganoderic Acid A具有抑制癌症、抗氧化、抗衰老等的作用[3-4]。
在体外，Ganoderic Acid A(50μg/ml)与LPS(0.5μg/ml)同时处理BV2小胶质细胞24小时，显著抑制LPS诱导的BV2小胶质细胞增殖和活化，并促进小胶质细胞由促炎的M1表型向抗炎的M2表型转化[5]。Ganoderic Acid A(5–80μM)处理MC3T3-E1（经1mM H2O2诱导）细胞和原代成骨细胞（经250μM H2O2诱导）24小时，显著促进成骨分化和矿化结节形成，并上调成骨相关标志物RUNX2、OPN和β-catenin的蛋白表达[6]。
在体内，Ganoderic Acid A（20–40mg/kg）于Ovalbumin（0.1g）激发前1小时腹腔注射处理OVA致敏的BALB/c小鼠，显著减轻哮喘小鼠气道高反应性，并降低支气管肺泡灌洗液中炎症细胞总数[7]。Ganoderic Acid A（20mg/kg/d）通过腹腔注射或局部外用于Imiquimod（62.5mg/只）诱导的银屑病样皮炎BALB/c小鼠6天，显著减轻皮肤红斑、增厚和鳞屑，并降低银屑病面积和严重程度指数（PASI）评分[8]。