PIK-90

Cell experiment:

To determine the viability of CLL B cells, 200 μL cells are removed from the wells of a 24-well plate at the indicated time points and incubated for 15 minutes in fluorescence-activated cell sorter buffer (RPMI+0.5% BSA) containing 40 nM 3,3′-dihexyloxacarbocyanine iodide (DiOC6) and 10 μg/mL Propidium iodide (PI). Within 30 minutes, the cells are then analyzed by flow cytometry. Viable cells show high DiOC6 and low PI fluorescence, whereas apoptotic cells have low DiOC6 and PI fluorescence; necrotic cells are characterized by low DiOC6 and high PI fluorescence. The normal PBMCs are also cultured under the same conditions, with or without the various PI3K inhibitors (e.g., PIK-90, 1 μM and 10 μM), Fludarabine, and with or without stromal cell support, and their viability is also determined by staining with DiOC6 and PI[2].

Animal experiment:

Mice[3]Human primary GBM43 cells (106) are injected s.c. just caudal to the left forelimb in 4- to 6-wk-old female BALB/c nu/nu mice. After tumors are established (50-100 mm3), mice are randomly allocated to daily i.p. treatment with 40 mg/kg PIK-90 (DMSO:H2O), 50 mg/kg Roscovitine (DMSO:PBS), 40 mg/kg PIK-90 plus 50 mg/kg Roscovitine, and DMSO:H2O:PBS (control). Tumor diameters are measured with calipers at 3-d intervals, and volumes are calculated.

References:

[1]. Knight ZA, et al. A pharmacological map of the PI3-K family defines a role for p110alpha in insulin signaling. Cell. 2006 May 19;125(4):733-47.
[2]. Niedermeier M, et al. Isoform-selective phosphoinositide 3'-kinase inhibitors inhibit CXCR4 signaling and overcome stromal cell-mediated drug resistance in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a novel therapeutic approach. Blood. 2009 May 28;113(22):5549-57.
[3]. Cheng CK, et al. Dual blockade of lipid and cyclin-dependent kinases induces synthetic lethality in malignant glioma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Jul 31;109(31):12722-7.