Nigranoic acid is a triterpenoid separated from Schisandra chinensis. Nigranoic acid inhibits HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. Nigranoic acid exhibits protective effects on brain through PARP/AIF signaling pathway in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion animal model[1][2].
Nigranoic acid has a strong protective effect on rat cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, and acts by downregulating nerve cell apoptosis by preventing the overactivation of PARP and AIF nuclear translocation[2]. Nigranoic acid (1 mg/kg; i.g.; 6 hours and 2 hours before brain ischemia) significantly decreases apoptosis and the expression levels of AIF protein, PARP protein, and AIF mRNA at different time-points[2]. Animal Model: Sprague-Dawley rats (200-300 g), ischemia-reperfusion model[2]
[1]. Sun HD, et al. Nigranoic acid, a triterpenoid from Schisandra sphaerandra that inhibits HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. J Nat Prod. 1996 May;59(5):525-7. [2]. Feng T, et al. Protective effects of nigranoic acid on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and its mechanism involving apoptotic signaling pathway. Cell Biochem Biophys. 2015 Jan;71(1):345-51.