IC50: 2 μM
N-(3-hydroxyphenyl) -Arachidonoyl amide, also known as 3-HPAA, is an analog of AM404 (N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-arachidonoyl amide), a selective inhibitor of carrier-mediated transport of arachidonoyl ethanolamide. 3-HPAA, metabolized by both cyclooxygenase (COX) -1 and COX-2, is an irreversible and selective inhibitor of COX-2 with an IC50 value of 2 M. 3-HPAA can be efficiently oxygenated to prostaglandin and hydroxyeicosatetraenoate products by prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase (PGHS) -2. It appears that 3-HPAA can be converted by PGHS-1 in a similar manner.
COX enzymes play elaborate roles in human physiology and pathology, involving neuronal, immune, renal, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and reproductive systems. COX enzymes are blocked by aspirin and a wide variety of other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which makes them clinically important [1]. COX-2, overexpressed in cancer cells, promotes tumorigenesis and induces neo-angiogenesis. Additionally, it plays an important role in inflammation and pyrexia.
In vitro: Up to now, in vitro study of 3-HPAA is still in the development stage.
In vivo: Up to now, in vivo study of 3-HPAA is still in the development stage.
Reference:
[1]. Fitzpatrick, F. Cyclooxygenase Enzymes: Regulation and Function. Current Pharmaceutical Design. 2004; 10(6): 577-588.