Mitochonic acid 5 is an inhibitor of mitochondrial dysfunction.1 It increases intracellular ATP levels in Hep3B cells when used at a concentration of 3 ?M. Mitochonic acid 5 (5 ?M) rescues LPS-induced apoptosis and decreases in the mitochondrial membrane potential in BV-2 microglial cells.2 It protects against decreases in cell viability induced by L-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine in fibroblasts isolated from patients with various mitochondrial diseases, including Leigh syndrome and Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (EC50s = 2.3-5.1 ?M), in an electron transport chain-independent manner.1 Mitochonic acid 5 (50 mg/kg) reduces plasma levels of creatinine and decreases acute renal tubular necrosis in a mouse model of bilateral retroperitoneal renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.3
1.Suzuki, T., Yamaguchi, H., Kikusato, M., et al.Mitochonic acid 5 (MA-5), a derivative of the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid, improves survival of fibroblasts from patients with mitochondrial diseasesTohoku J. Exp. Med.236(3)225-232(2015) 2.Tan, J., Chen, S.-X., Lei, Q.-Y., et al.Mitochonic acid 5 regulates mitofusin 2 to protect microgliaNeural Regen. Res.16(9)1813-1820(2021) 3.Suzuki, T., Yamaguchi, H., Kikusato, M., et al.Mitochonic acid 5 binds mitochondria and ameliorates renal tubular and cardiac myocyte damageJ. Am. Soc. Nephrol.27(7)1925-1932(2016)