Gardenoside is an iridoid glycoside that has been found in G. jasminoides and has anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities.1,2,3 It decreases free fatty acid-induced accumulation of lipid droplets and increases in TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β levels in HepG2 cells when used at concentrations of 10 and 20 ?M.2 Gardenoside reduces increases in the expression of purinergic P2X3 and P2X7 receptors, as well as reverses decreases in mechanical withdrawal thresholds in a rat model of chronic constriction injury-induced neuropathic pain.3
1.Ishiguro, K., Yamaki, M., and Takagi, S.Studies on iridoid-related compounds, II. The structure and antimicrobial activity of aglucones of galioside and gardenosideJ. Nat. Prod.46(4)532-536(1983) 2.Liang, H., Zhang, L., Wang, H., et al.Inhibitory effect of gardenoside on free fatty acid-induced steatosis in HepG2 hepatocytesInt. J. Mol. Sci.16(11)27749-27756(2015) 3.Yu, M., Su, B., and Zhang, X.Gardenoside suppresses the pain in rats model of chronic constriction injury by regulating the P2X3 and P2X7 receptorsJ. Recept. Signal Transduct. Res.38(3)198-203(2018)