APG-115 (AA-115) is an orally active MDM2 protein inhibitor binding to MDM2 protein with IC50 and Ki values of 3.8 nM and 1 nM, respectively[1]. APG-115 blocks the interaction of MDM2 and p53 and induces cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in a p53-dependent manner[2][3]. IC50: 3.8 nm (APG-115)[1]
APG-115 (0.001-100 μM; 72 hours) inhibits cell proliferation in concentration-dependent manner, with IC50s of 18.9 ± 15.6 nM and 103.5 ± 18.3 nM respectively in AGS and MKN45 cells[3].APG-115 (0.02 μM, 0.2 μM; 48 hours) enhances the anti-proliferative effect of radiotherapy at different radiation dose[3].APG-115 (0.02 μM, 0.2 μM; 48 hours) affects progression by inducing cells arrested at G0/G1 phase in AGS and MKN45 cell with wild p53[3].APG-115 (0.02 μM, 0.2 μM; 24 hours) activates p53 to enhance radiosensitivity in AGS and MKN45 cells; stable knockout of p53 abrogates expression of MDM2, p53, p21, PUMA, BAX, Cleaved-caspase3, γH2AX[3].APG-115 (0.3 μM, 1 μM, 3 μM, 10 μM; 24 hours) leads to a concentration-dependent cell cycle arrest in G2/M phases and a decreasing in S-phase in p53 wide-type cell lines (TPC-1, KTC-1)[4]. Cell Proliferation Assay[3] Cell Line: AGS and MKN45 cells
APG-115 (Delivered orally; 100 mg/kg; once daily; 10 days) enhances radiation antitumor effect in gastric adenocarcinoma in vivo[3]. Animal Model: Four-week-old male BALB/c athymic nude mice with MKN45 cells[3]
[1]. Angelo Aguilar, et al. 4-((3′R,4′S,5′R)-6″-Chloro-4′-(3-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-1′-ethyl-2″-oxodispiro[cyclohexane-1,2′-pyrrolidine-3′,3″-indoline]-5′-carboxamido)bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-1-carboxylic Acid (AA-115/APG-115): A Potent and Orally Active Murine Double Minute 2 (MDM2) Inhibitor in Clinical Development. J Med Chem. 2017 Apr 13; 60(7): 2819-2839. [2]. A W Tolcher et al, A phase Ib/II study of APG-115 in combination with pembrolizumab in patients with unresectable or metastatic melanomas or advanced solid tumors, Ann Oncol. 2019 Feb 1; 30(Supplement_1). pii: mdz027. [3]. Hanjie Yi ea al, A novel small molecule inhibitor of MDM2-p53 (APG-115) enhances radiosensitivity of gastric adenocarcinoma, J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2018 May 2;37(1):97. [4]. Chen H, et al. Restoration of p53 using the novel MDM2-p53 antagonist APG115 suppresses dedifferentiated papillary thyroid cancer cells. Oncotarget. 2017 Jun 27;8(26):43008-43022.