Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) is an oligomer of β-(1?4)-linked d-glucosamine, of which actions involve the modulation of several important pathways including the suppression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK).
[1] Muanprasat C, et al. Pharmacol Ther. 2017 Feb;170:80-97.
















