Chemerin-9, Mouse is a chemerin-derived nonapeptide that retains the agonistic activity of chemerin that induces the chemotaxis of primary microglia [1]. Chemerin-9 can inhibit the formation of foam cells in macrophages induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), and prevent atherosclerosis by reducing the number of macrophages and smooth muscle cells within the plaque [2]. Chemerin-9 has been widely used to stimulate the sympathetic nerve and increase the systemic blood pressure in animal models[3].
In vitro, Chemerin-9 (100nM) treatment for 6 hours inhibited cholesterol efflux in THP-1 cells and upregulated the expression of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) [4]. Treatment with 100ng/ml Chemerin-9 for 24 hours significantly stimulated the migration activity of rat cardiac fibroblasts and promoted the phosphorylation of Akt and ERK in the cells[5].
In vivo, Chemerin-9 treatment via subcutaneous injection at a dose of 60µg/kg, every other day for 8 weeks, significantly improved Aβ deposition and cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 mice, while reducing the pro-inflammatory activity of microglia[6]. Daily intraperitoneal injection of Chemerin-9 (4µg dissolved in 200µl PBS) was administered for 42 days, which significantly increased the chemokine levels in the serum of mice with pancreatogenic diabetes mellitus (PDM) as well as the mRNA expression levels of GLUT2 and PDX1, and alleviated the glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in the mice[7].
References:
[1] Lei Z L, Lu Y Q, Bai X, et al. Chemerin-9 peptide enhances memory and ameliorates Aβ1–42-induced object memory impairment in mice[J]. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 2020, 43(2): 272-283.
[2] Sato K, Yoshizawa H, Seki T, et al. Chemerin-9, a potent agonist of chemerin receptor (ChemR23), prevents atherogenesis[J]. Clinical science, 2019, 133(16): 1779-1796.
[3] Yamamoto A, Matsumoto K, Hori K, et al. Acute intracerebroventricular injection of chemerin-9 increases systemic blood pressure through activating sympathetic nerves via CMKLR1 in brain[J]. Pflügers Archiv-European Journal of Physiology, 2020, 472(6): 673-681.
[4] Tan L, Wang N, Galema‐Boers A M H, et al. Statins, but not proprotein convertase subtilisin‐kexin type 9 inhibitors, lower chemerin in hypercholesterolemia via low‐density lipoprotein receptor upregulation[J]. MedComm, 2024, 5(9): e681.
[5] Yamamoto A, Sagara A, Otani K, et al. Chemerin-9 stimulates migration in rat cardiac fibroblasts in vitro[J]. European Journal of Pharmacology, 2021, 912: 174566.
[6] Zhang J, Zhang Y, Liu L, et al. Chemerin-9 is neuroprotective in APP/PS1 transgenic mice by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome and promoting microglial clearance of Aβ[J]. Journal of Neuroinflammation, 2025, 22(1): 5.
[7] Tu J, Yang Y, Zhang J, et al. Regulatory effect of chemerin and therapeutic efficacy of chemerin‑9 in pancreatogenic diabetes mellitus[J]. Molecular medicine reports, 2020, 21(3): 981-988.
Chemerin-9, Mouse是一种源于趋化素的九肽，保留了趋化素诱导原代小胶质细胞趋化性的激动活性[1]。Chemerin-9可抑制氧化低密度脂蛋白(oxLDL)诱导的巨噬细胞泡沫细胞形成，并通过减少斑块内巨噬细胞和平滑肌细胞数量来预防动脉粥样硬化[2]。Chemerin-9已被广泛用于刺激动物模型的交感神经并升高全身血压[3]。
在体外，使用100nM的Chemerin-9处理THP-1细胞6小时，抑制了细胞内的胆固醇外流，并上调了低密度脂蛋白受体(LDLR)的表达[4]。使用100ng/ml的Chemerin-9处理大鼠心脏成纤维细胞 24 小时，显著刺激了细胞的迁移活性，并促进了细胞内Akt和ERK的磷酸化[5]。
在体内，每隔一天皮下注射60µg/kg剂量的Chemerin-9，持续8周，显著改善了APP/PS1小鼠的Aβ沉积和认知障碍，同时降低了小胶质细胞的促炎活性[6]。每日腹腔注射Chemerin-9（4µg溶于200µl的PBS），连续42天，显著增加了胰源性糖尿病(PDM)小鼠血清中的趋化因子水平以及GLUT2和 PDX1的mRNA表达水平，并减轻了小鼠的葡萄糖耐受不良和胰岛素抵抗[7]。