CE-224535 is a selective P2X7 receptor antagonist.
CE-224535 is developed as a disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD) and is a selective antagonist of the human P2X7 receptor. CE-224535 can reduce leukocyte secretion of IL-1 and IL-18, thereby providing a novel therapeutic approach for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)[1].
In rats, CE-224535 has low CLp (11 mL/min/kg) and a large Vdss of 7.6 L/kg, which results in a half-life of 2.4 h. Upon oral administration to rats at 5 mg/kg, CE-224535 provides maximal plasma exposure (Cmax) that is ~90 fold over its IC90 in human blood (Cmax=0.21 μg/mL or 0.44 μM). The oral bioavailability of CE-224535 is low in rats (F=2.6%), but this is believed to be a rat specific phenomenon since corresponding oral bioavailability in both dog (59%) and monkey (22%) is adequate[2].
[1]. Stock TC, et al. Efficacy and safety of CE-224,535, an antagonist of P2X7 receptor, in treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis inadequately controlled by methotrexate. J Rheumatol. 2012 Apr;39(4):720-7. [2]. Duplantier AJ, et al. Optimization of the physicochemical and pharmacokinetic attributes in a 6-azauracil series of P2X7 receptor antagonists leading to the discovery of the clinical candidate CE-224,535. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2011 Jun 15;21(12):3708-11