Bifenthrin is a pyrethroid insecticide whose principal target of the neurotoxic action is the neuronal membrane’s voltage-gated Na+ channel [1]. Bifenthrin has greater photostability and insecticidal activity, but is neurotoxic to various animals, and its clinical signs of toxicity including tremors and convulsions. [1, 2].
Bifenthrin (20μM; 24h) induced a marked increase in PGE2, NO and TNF-alpha production in primary microglia; Bifenthrin (20μM; 24h) increased the expression of IL-6 and TNF-alpha mRNA in primary microglia [3]. Bifenthrin (1, 1.5μM; 24h) significantly decreased glutathione peroxidase activity in erythrocytes; Bifenthrin (1.5μM; 24h) induced hemolysis in erythrocytes [2].
Bifenthrin (30, 60ng/L; 14d) increased the number of congested blood vessels of juvenile rainbow trout [4]. Bifenthrin (8mg/kg; 7d; i.p.) induced local nuclear pyknosis and vacuolar degeneration of liver tissues in some BALB/c mouse specimens; Bifenthrin (2, 4, 8mg/kg; 7d; i.p.) resulted in a concentration-dependent increase in mitochondrial ROS generation of BALB/c mice [5]. Bifenthrin (0.6mg/kg; 6weeks; qod.; i.g.) significantly increased body weight of C57BL/6 mice; Bifenthrin (0.6mg/kg; 6weeks; qod.; i.g.) significantly downregulated the expression of HSL and ATGL while significantly upregulated the expression of LPL of C57BL/6 mice [6].
References:
[1] Moreira C V L, Ogbu J s, Monteiro K L C, et al. Bifenthrin under scrutiny: revisiting toxicological evidence amid regulatory gaps [J]. Journal of applied toxicology : JAT, 2026, 46(1): 61-77.
[2] Mukhtar F, Jilani K, Bibi I, et al. Stimulation of erythrocyte membrane blebbing by Bifenthrin induced oxidative stress [J]. Dose-response : a publication of International Hormesis Society, 2022, 20(1): 15593258221076710.
[3] Gargouri B, Yousif N M, Bouchard M, et al. Inflammatory and cytotoxic effects of bifenthrin in primary microglia and organotypic hippocampal slice cultures [J]. Journal of neuroinflammation, 2018, 15(1): 159.
[4] Magnuson J T, Caceres L, Sy N, et al. The use of non-targeted lipidomics and histopathology to characterize the neurotoxicity of Bifenthrin to juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) [J]. Environmental science & technology, 2022, 56(16): 11482-11492.
[5] Zhang Y, Lu M, Zhou P, et al. Multilevel evaluations of potential liver injury of bifenthrin [J]. Pesticide biochemistry and physiology, 2015, 122: 29-37.
[6] Wei C, Wang X, Yao X, et al. Bifenthrin induces fat deposition by improving fatty acid uptake and inhibiting lipolysis in mice [J]. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2019, 67(51): 14048-14055.
Bifenthrin是一种拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂，其神经毒性作用的主要靶点是神经细胞膜的电压门控Na+通道[1]。Bifenthrin具有较强的光稳定性和杀虫活性，但对多种动物具有神经毒性，其临床毒性表现为震颤和抽搐[1, 2]。
Bifenthrin（20μM；24h）显著促进原代小胶质细胞产生PGE2、NO和TNF-alpha；Bifenthrin（20μM；24h）提高原代小胶质细胞中IL-6和TNF-alpha的mRNA的表达水平[3]。Bifenthrin（1、1.5μM；24h）显著降低红细胞中的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性；Bifenthrin（1.5μM；24h）引起红细胞溶血[2]。
Bifenthrin（30、60ng/L；14d）增加幼年彩虹鳟鱼的充血血管数量[4]。Bifenthrin（8mg/kg；7d；i.p.）会导致部分BALB/c小鼠样本的肺部组织出现局部核固缩和空泡变性；Bifenthrin（2、4、8mg/kg；7d；i.p.）导致BALB/c小鼠的线粒体ROS的生成呈现浓度依赖性增加[5]。Bifenthrin（0.6mg/kg；6weeks；qod.；i.g.）显著增加C57BL/6小鼠的体重；Bifenthrin（0.6mg/kg；6weeks；qod.；i.g.）显著下调C57BL/6小鼠HSL和ATGL的表达水平，上调LPL的表达水平[6]。