Asiaticoside is a pentacyclic triterpenoid glycoside extracted from Centella asiatica [1]. Asiaticoside activates the Smad signaling pathway (specifically in a TGF-β receptor I kinase-independent manner), promoting the synthesis of type I collagen by fibroblasts, thereby strengthening skin structure and wound healing [2-3]. Asiaticoside is commonly used in wound healing and skin disease treatment [4].
In HCT116 cells, Asiaticoside (0.1-2µM; 24-72h) significantly reduced cell viability in a time- and dose-dependent manner [5]. In human brain microvascular endothelial cells, Asiaticoside (50µM; 24h) effectively attenuated Aβ1-42-induced cell growth inhibition [6].
In Swiss mice, Asiaticoside (5-40mg/kg; po; single administration) treatment increased the percentage of mice entering the open arm and the time they stayed in the open arm [7], In Swiss mice Asiaticoside (10-20mg/kg; po; single administration) significantly shortened the immobility time of mice in the tail suspension test [8].
References:
[1]. Shukla A, Rasik A M, Jain G K, et al. In vitro and in vivo wound healing activity of asiaticoside isolated from Centella asiatica[J]. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 1999, 65(1): 1-11.
[2]. Tang B, Zhu B, Liang Y, et al. Asiaticoside suppresses collagen expression and TGF-β/Smad signaling through inducing Smad7 and inhibiting TGF-βRI and TGF-βRII in keloid fibroblasts[J]. Archives of dermatological research, 2011, 303(8): 563-572.
[3]. Lee J, Jung E, Kim Y, et al. Asiaticoside induces human collagen I synthesis through TGFβ receptor I kinase (TβRI kinase)-independent Smad signaling[J]. Planta medica, 2006, 72(04): 324-328.
[4]. Bandopadhyay S, Mandal S, Ghorai M, et al. Therapeutic properties and pharmacological activities of asiaticoside and madecassoside: A review[J]. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine, 2023, 27(5): 593-608.
[5]. Zhou X, Ke C, Lv Y, et al. Asiaticoside suppresses cell proliferation by inhibiting the NF‑κB signaling pathway in colorectal cancer[J]. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 2020, 46(4): 1525-1537.
[6]. Song D, Jiang X, Liu Y, et al. Asiaticoside attenuates cell growth inhibition and apoptosis induced by Aβ1-42 via inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in human brain microvascular endothelial cells[J]. Frontiers in pharmacology, 2018, 9: 28.
[7]. Chen S W, Wang W J, Li W J, et al. Anxiolytic-like effect of asiaticoside in mice[J]. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 2006, 85(2): 339-344.
[8]. Liang X, Huang Y N, Chen S W, et al. Antidepressant-like effect of asiaticoside in mice[J]. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 2008, 89(3): 444-449.
Asiaticoside是从Centella asiatica中提取的一种五环三萜苷 [1]。Asiaticoside能够激活Smad信号通路（特别是以TGF-β受体I激酶非依赖的方式），促进成纤维细胞合成I型胶原蛋白，从而增强皮肤结构和促进伤口愈合 [2-3]。Asiaticoside常用于伤口愈合和皮肤病治疗 [4]。
在HCT116细胞中，Asiaticoside（0.1-2µM；24-72h）显著降低细胞活力，且呈时间和剂量依赖性 [5]。在人脑微血管内皮细胞中，Asiaticoside（50µM；24h）有效减弱了Aβ1-42诱导的细胞生长抑制 [6]。
在瑞士小鼠中，Asiaticoside（5-40mg/kg；po；单次给药）治疗增加了小鼠进入开放臂的百分比以及它们在开放臂中停留的时间 [7]，在瑞士小鼠中，Asiaticoside（10-20mg/kg；po；单次给药）显著缩短了小鼠在悬尾试验中的不动时间 [8]。