Nigericin is an antibiotic derived from S. hygroscopicus that acts as a potassium ionophore promoting K+/H+ exchange across mitochondrial membranes. Nigericin can be used as a research tool to disrupt intracellular H+ and K+ concentration, thus altering pH, membrane potential, and cell volume.1,2,3 At 10 μM, nigericin induces egress of T. gondii parasites by inducing efflux of K+.4
Nigericin是一种来源于吸湿链霉菌的抗生素，作为K+/H+离子载体，促进线粒体膜上K+/H+[1]的交换。Nigericin可以是一种NLRP3激活剂，以NALP3依赖的方式诱导IL-1β的释放[2]。Nigericin引发丹毒，这种作用与ROS的形成平行，部分原因是氧化应激的诱导。Nigericin触发细胞凋亡[3]。
[1]. Zotova L, et al. Novel components of an active mitochondrial K(+)/H(+) exchange. J Biol Chem. 2010 May 7;285(19):14399-414.
[2]. Mariathasan S, et al.Cryopyrin activates the inflammasome in response to toxins and ATP.Nature. 2006 Mar 9;440(7081):228-32.
[3]. Bissinger R, et al. Triggering of Suicidal Erythrocyte Death by the Antibiotic Ionophore Nigericin. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2016 May;118(5):381-9.