Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin containing cobalt, serving as a cofactor for methionine synthase and L-methylmalonyl-CoA mutase. Vitamin B12 can participate in methyl transfer reactions to promote erythrocyte development and maturation. Vitamin B12 helps maintain the integrity of the myelin sheath to reduce neurological damage. Vitamin B12 can be used in research related to megaloblastic anemia and neurological disorders[1-4].
In vitro, SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells were pretreated with Vitamin B12 (10nM) for 12h, followed by stimulation with H₂O₂ (50μM) for 24h. Vitamin B12 significantly increased phospholipid levels and protected plasmalogens from oxidative stress, while enhancing the expression of antioxidant enzymes[5]. HeLa, HL-60, and MCF-7 cancer cells were treated with Vitamin B12 (0.01–1000nM) in combination with 1,25(OH)₂D₃ for 24–72 hours. Vitamin B12 significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of 1,25(OH)₂D₃ and increased the activation of caspase 4 and 8[6].
In vivo, Elmo1H/H Ins2Akita/+ diabetic mice were supplemented with Vitamin B12 (10mg/kg/day) via drinking water for 8 weeks. Vitamin B12 significantly reduced glomerular mesangial expansion and altered the expression of circadian clock genes[7]. In a myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury model, C57BL/6 mice were administered Vitamin B12 (50mg/L; 4mL/day) via drinking water for 7 consecutive days prior to surgery. Vitamin B12 significantly alleviated myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury[8].
References:
[1] Romain M, Sviri S, Linton DM, et al. The role of Vitamin B12 in the critically ill--a review. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2016 Jul;44(4):447-52.
[2] ZUCKNER J. Vitamin B12 therapy in osteoarthritis. Mo Med. 1954 Jun;51(6):450-1.
[3] Hasbaoui BE, Mebrouk N, Saghir S, et al. Vitamin B12 deficiency: case report and review of literature. Pan Afr Med J. 2021 Mar 4;38:237.
[4] Langan RC, Goodbred AJ. Vitamin B12 Deficiency: Recognition and Management. Am Fam Physician. 2017 Sep 15;96(6):384-389.
[5] Theiss EL, Griebsch LV, Lauer AA, et al. Vitamin B12 Attenuates Changes in Phospholipid Levels Related to Oxidative Stress in SH-SY5Y Cells. Cells. 2022 Aug 18;11(16):2574.
[6] Atoum MF, Alzoughool FE, Al-Mazaydeh ZA, et al. Tahtamouni LH. Vitamin B12 enhances the antitumor activity of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 via activation of caspases and targeting actin cytoskeleton. Tumour Biol. 2022;44(1):17-35.
[7] Wariyapperuma Appuhamillage NMW, Deshmukh AA, Moser RL, et al. Vitamin B12 Protects Against Early Diabetic Kidney Injury and Alters Clock Gene Expression in Mice. Biomolecules. 2025 Dec 3;15(12):1689.
[8] Qin Y, Shi Y, Yu Q, et al. Vitamin B12 alleviates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via the SIRT3/AMPK signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother. 2023 Jul;163:114761.
Vitamin B12是一种含钴的水溶性维生素，作为甲硫氨酸合酶和L-甲基丙二酰辅酶A变位酶的辅助因子。Vitamin B12可通过参与甲基转移反应以促进红细胞发育与成熟，同时通过维持神经髓鞘完整性以减少神经系统损伤。Vitamin B12可用于巨幼细胞性贫血和神经系统病变的相关研究[1-4]。
在体外，Vitamin B12（10nM）预处理SH-SY5Y神经母细胞瘤细胞12h，随后以H₂O₂（50μM）刺激24h。Vitamin B12显著提高磷脂水平并保护plasmalogens免受氧化应激，同时提高抗氧化酶表达[5]。Vitamin B12（0.01-1000nM）与1,25(OH)2D3联合处理HeLa、HL-60、MCF-7等癌细胞24-72小时。Vitamin B12显著增强1,25(OH)2D3的细胞毒性，同时增加caspase 4和8的激活[6]。
在体内，Vitamin B12（10mg/kg/day）通过饮用水给药，用于处理Elmo1H/H Ins2Akita/+糖尿病小鼠8周。Vitamin B12显著减少了肾小球系膜扩张，同时改变了生物钟基因表达[7]。在缺血/再灌注损伤术前连续7天，Vitamin B12（50mg/L；4mL/day）通过饮用水给药于C57BL/6小鼠。Vitamin B12显著减轻了心肌缺血/再灌注损伤[8]。