Uridine is a nucleoside that contains uracil and is linked to the ribose ring through a β-N1-glycosidic bond [1]. Uridine regulates enzymes and intermediates in the Uridine metabolism (such as UTP, DHODH, and UPase) and is associated with glucose homeostasis, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism [2-3].
In vitro, Uridine (6-24mM; 7 days) dose-dependently inhibits the proliferation of leukemia cells HL-60 and induces HL-60 to differentiate into mature cells with monocyte and granulocyte characteristics [1]. Uridine (0.2-0.4mg/mL; 10h) reduces hepatocyte apoptosis caused by CCl4, significantly reduces the expression of Caspase-3 and Bax, and upregulates Bcl-2 expression [4].
In vivo, Uridine (10-20mg/kg; oral; 6 weeks) alleviates liver fibrosis in mice with CCl4-induced liver fibrosis model and inhibits the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway [4]. Uridine (30mg/kg; iv; single dose) significantly increases the UDP and UTP contents in the myocardium of rats with acute myocardial ischemia (AMI) and ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R), reduces CrP and ATP levels, and significantly reduces the size of the ischemic area in the myocardium [5].
References:
[1] Sokoloski JA, et al., Effects of uridine on the growth and differentiation of HL-60 leukemia cells. Leuk Res. 1991;15(11):1051-8.
[2] Zhang Y, Guo S, Xie C, et al. Uridine metabolism and its role in glucose, lipid, and amino acid homeostasis[J]. BioMed research international, 2020, 2020(1): 7091718.
[3] Chenna Narendra S, Chalise J P, Magnusson M, et al. Local but not systemic administration of uridine prevents development of antigen-induced arthritis[J]. PloS one, 2015, 10(10): e0141863.
[4] Zheng W V, Li Y, Cheng X, et al. Uridine alleviates carbon tetrachloride‐induced liver fibrosis by regulating the activity of liver‐related cells[J]. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, 2022, 26(3): 840-854.
[5] Krylova IB, Selina EN, Bulion VV, et al. Uridine treatment prevents myocardial injury in rat models of acute ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion by activating the mitochondrial ATP-dependent potassium channel. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):16999.
Uridine是一种核苷，包含尿嘧啶，通过β-N1-糖苷键与核糖环连接 [1]。Uridine通过调节尿苷代谢中的酶和中间体（如 UTP、DHODH和UPase）与葡萄糖稳态、脂质代谢和氨基酸代谢相关 [2-3]。
在体外，Uridine（6-24mM; 7 days）剂量依赖性地抑制白血病细胞HL-60的增殖，并诱导HL-60分化为具有单核细胞和粒细胞特征的成熟细胞 [1]。Uridine（0.2-0.4mg/mL; 10h）减少了CCl4引起的肝细胞凋亡，显著降低Caspase-3和Bax的表达，并上调Bcl-2表达 [4]。
在体内，Uridine（10-20mg/kg; oral; 6 weeks）缓解了CCl4诱导肝纤维化模型小鼠的肝纤维化，并且抑制了促炎细胞因子的表达和NF-κB信号通路的激活 [4]。Uridine（30mg/kg; iv single dose）显著增加了急性心肌缺血（AMI ）和缺血/再灌注损伤（I/R）大鼠心肌UDP和UTP含量，降低CrP和ATP水平，显著减小了心肌中缺血区域的大小 [5]。