RVX-208 is a potent inhibitor of bromodomain with IC50 values of 0.51 and 87 μM for BD2 and BD1, respectively [1].
Bromodomains (BRDs) are protein-interaction modules that bind to ε-N-acetylated lysine-containing proteins. BRDs act as effector domains of chromatin-modifying enzymes, transcriptional regulators and chromatin modulators [1].
RVX-208 is a potent second BET bromodomains inhibitor. RVX-208 exhibited affinity with KD values of 0.194 and 4.06 for BD2 and BD1, respectively. RVX-208 bound to the acetyl-lysine binding pocket in a peptide-competitive way [1]. In HepG2 cells, RVX-208 induced messenger ribonucleic acid and protein synthesis of apolipoprotein (apo)A-I [2]. RVX-208 induced ApoA-I mRNA mediated by BRD4 [3].
In African green monkeys, RVX-208 increased serum HDL-C and apoA-I levels by 97% and 60%, respectively. Also, RVX-208 increased the levels of pre-β1-LpA-I, α1-LpA-I HDL-subparticles, adenosine triphosphate binding cassette G1, adenosine triphosphate binding cassette AI and cholesterol efflux [2]. In hyperlipidemic apoE(-/-) mice, RVX-208 (150mg/kg) significantly inhibited aortic lesion. Also, RVX-208 increased HDL-C and reduced LDL-C and proinflammatory cytokines [4].
References:
[1]. Picaud S, Wells C, Felletar I, et al. RVX-208, an inhibitor of BET transcriptional regulators with selectivity for the second bromodomain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2013, 110(49): 19754-19759.
[2]. Bailey D, Jahagirdar R, Gordon A, et al. RVX-208: a small molecule that increases apolipoprotein A-I and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in vitro and in vivo. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2010, 55(23): 2580-2589.
[3]. McLure KG, Gesner EM, Tsujikawa L, et al. RVX-208, an inducer of ApoA-I in humans, is a BET bromodomain antagonist. PLoS One, 2013, 8(12): e83190.
[4]. Jahagirdar R, Zhang H, Azhar S, et al. A novel BET bromodomain inhibitor, RVX-208, shows reduction of atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic ApoE deficient mice. Atherosclerosis, 2014, 236(1): 91-100.