QWF is a specific antagonist of MRGPRX2 and also an NK1 receptor antagonist[1]. Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2) is a receptor expressed primarily on mast cells and sensory neurons, playing an important role in mediating itch and pain sensations[2]. QWF is usually used in research on pain, inflammation, and allergic reactions[3][4].
In vitro, pre-incubation of HMC1 mast cells with QWF (10, 25, and 100mM; 10min) dose-dependently inhibited C48/80-induced degranulation, and significantly suppressed CD63 surface membrane expression and β-hexosaminidase release[5].
In vivo, QWF (20mg/kg/day; i.p.; beginning in the 7th week after surgery for 2 weeks) reversed endometriosis-induced mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia and reduced ectopic lesion volume and weight in wild-type C57BL/6J mice[6]. QWF (500μM; 10μL; intradermal injection) co-administered with lithocholic acid (LCA) reduced the LCA-induced scratching behavior in ICR mice[7].
References:
[1] Hagiwara D, Miyake H, Morimoto H, Murai M, Fujii T, Matsuo M. Studies on neurokinin antagonists. 1. The design of novel tripeptides possessing the glutaminyl-D-tryptophylphenylalanine sequence as substance P antagonists. J Med Chem. 1992;35(11):2015-2025.
[2] Kuhn H, Kolkhir P, Babina M, et al. Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor X2 and its activators in dermatologic allergies. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2021;147(2):456-469.
[3] Azimi E, Reddy VB, Shade KC, et al. Dual action of neurokinin-1 antagonists on Mas-related GPCRs. JCI Insight. 2016;1(16):e89362.
[4] Iio K, Kutsumura N, Nagumo Y, et al. Synthesis of unnatural morphinan compounds to induce itch-like behaviors in mice: Towards the development of MRGPRX2 selective ligands. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2022;56:128485.
[5] Hermans MAW, van Stigt AC, van de Meerendonk S, et al. Human Mast Cell Line HMC1 Expresses Functional Mas-Related G-Protein Coupled Receptor 2. Front Immunol. 2021;12:625284.
[6] Mao X, Wang J, Ding S, et al. MRGPRX2 Mediates Mast Cell-Induced Endometriosis Pain Through the Sensitization of Sensory Neurons via Histamine/HRH1/TRPV1 Signaling Pathway. FASEB J. 2025;39(13):e70778.
[7] Song MH, Shim WS. Lithocholic Acid Activates Mas-Related G Protein-Coupled Receptors, Contributing to Itch in Mice. Biomol Ther (Seoul). 2022;30(1):38-47.
QWF是一种特异性的MRGPRX2拮抗剂,同时也是NK1受体拮抗剂[1]。Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor X2(MRGPRX2)是一种主要在肥大细胞和感觉神经元上表达的受体,在介导瘙痒和疼痛感觉中起关键作用[2]。QWF通常用于疼痛、炎症和过敏反应的研究[3][4]。
体外实验中,用QWF(10、25和100mM)预孵育HMC1肥大细胞10分钟,可剂量依赖性地抑制C48/80诱导的脱颗粒,并显著抑制CD63表面膜表达和β-己糖胺酶的释放[5]。
体内实验中,QWF(20mg/kg/天;腹腔注射;从手术后第7周开始,连续2周)可逆转野生型C57BL/6J小鼠子宫内膜异位症引起的机械性超敏和热超敏反应,并减少异位病灶的体积和重量[6]。QWF (500μM;10μL;皮内注射)与石胆酸(LCA)共给药可减少LCA诱导的ICR小鼠抓挠行为[7]。
















