Ingenol 3,20-dibenzoate is a potent protein kinase C (PKC) isoform-selective agonist. Ingenol 3,20-dibenzoate induces selective translocation of nPKC-delta, -epsilon, and -theta and PKC-mu from the cytosolic fraction to the particulate fraction and induces morphologically typical apoptosis through de novo synthesis of macromolecules. Ingenol 3,20-dibenzoate increases the IFN-γ production and degranulation by NK cells, especially when NK cells are stimulated by NSCLC cells[1][2].
Ingenol 3,20-dibenzoate (0-10000 nM; 4 hours) enhanced NK cells (stimulated by A549 cells and H1299 cells) degranulation[2].Ingenol 3,20-dibenzoate (0.001-10 μg/ml) dose dependently promoted UT-7/EPO cell proliferation with an EC50 of 0.27 μg/ml (485 nM)[3].
Ingenol 3,20-dibenzoate (20 μg/mouse; i.p.; on days 3, 7, and 11) lessens the anemia induced by 5-fluorouracil in an in vivo mouse model[3]. Animal Model: Male C57BL/6 mice (8-12 weeks old)[3]
[1]. Asada A, et al. Induction of thymocyte apoptosis by Ca2+-independent protein kinase C (nPKC) activation and its regulation by calcineurin activation. J Biol Chem. 1998;273(43):28392-28398. [2]. Gong C, et al. Enhancement of NK cell-mediated lysis of non-small lung cancer cells by nPKC activator, ingenol 3,20 dibenzoate. Mol Immunol. 2017;83:23-32. [3]. Oh JG, et al. Biphasic Effects of Ingenol 3,20-Dibenzoate on the Erythropoietin Receptor: Synergism at Low Doses and Antagonism at High Doses. Mol Pharmacol. 2015;88(2):392-400.