Glutaurine, a bioactive dipeptide isolated from the bovine parathyroid gland, antagonizes cortison and thyroxin [1]. Glutaurine acts as endogenous modulator in excitatory aminoacidergic neurotransmission and affects the concentration of monoamine neurotransmitters in the brain[2]. Glutaurine has been widely used to promote thymic culture growth and promote macrophage activation[3].
In vivo, Glutaurine treatment via daily oral administration at a dose of 2µg/100g for 7 days resulted in a significant reduction of the hepatic and renal tissue uric acid levels in Tetra-B chicks [4]. Oral administration of a daily dose of 2µg/kg of Glutaurine for 4 days resulted in a significant increase in DNA synthesis in the spleen of CFLB mice without affecting mouse body weight[5]. Glutaurine (50μg/rat; p.o.) effectively restored the latency of entry in the 24 test at the dose of 50μg/rat[6]. Glutaurine (3mg/kg; i.p.) dramatically decreased T3 blood levels without significantly raising T4 blood levels[7].
References:
[1] Feuer L, Katalin S. Effect of litoralon, taurine and other taurine derivatives on the heart muscle cell membrane of the locusta migratoria (migratoriodes RF)[J]. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Comparative Pharmacology, 1981, 69(2): 411-414.
[2] Bittner S, Win T, Gupta R. γ-L-glutamyltaurine[J]. Amino Acids, 2005, 28(4): 343-356.
[3] Feuer L, Török O, Csaba G. Effect of glutaurine, a newly discovered parathyroid hormone on rat thymus cultures[J]. Acta Morphologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 1978, 26(2): 87-94.
[4] Feuer L, Tóth B L, Bárdos L. Effect of glutaurine (γ-l-glutamyl-taurine) on serum, hepatic, and renal uric acid levels[J]. Biochemical medicine, 1981, 26(3): 326-329.
[5] Antoni F, Feuer L, Hrabák A, et al. The effect of carrageenan and glutaurine on DNA synthesis of spleen cells in CFLB mice[J]. Biochemical medicine, 1979, 22(2): 238-245.
[6] Feuer L, Török O, Csaba G. Effect of glutaurine, a newly discovered parathyroid hormone on rat thymus cultures[J]. Acta Morphologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 1978, 26(2): 87-94.
[7] Baskin S, Bartuska D, Thampi N, et al. The effect of glutaurine on thyroid hormones in the rat[J]. Neuropeptides, 1987, 9(1): 45-50.
Glutaurine是从牛甲状旁腺中分离的一种生物活性二肽，可拮抗可的松与甲状腺素[1]。Glutaurine作为兴奋性氨基酸能神经传递的内源性调节剂，能影响大脑中单胺类神经递质的浓度[2]。Glutaurine已广泛应用于促进胸腺组织培养物的生长及巨噬细胞活化[3]。
在体内，每日口服2µg/100g剂量的Glutaurine连续7天，可显著降低Tetra-B雏鸡肝组织和肾组织中的尿酸水平[4]。连续4日每日口服2µg/kg剂量的Glutaurine，能显著促进CFLB小鼠脾脏DNA合成，且不影响小鼠体重[5]。Glutaurine（50μg/大鼠；p.o.）能显著恢复大鼠进入潜伏期的延长[6]。Glutaurine（3mg/kg; i.p.）显著降低T3血水平，而没有显著提高T4血水平[7]。