Dehydroabietic acid is a diterpene acid that has been found in P. elliottii resin and has diverse biological activities.1,2,3 It is active against L. amazonensis promastigotes (IC50 = 40 ?g/ml).1 Dehydroabietic acid (2.5, 5, and 10 ?M) increases the number of mitochondrial ridges, decreases mitochondrial outer membrane rupture, and increases the expression of FSP1 and COQ10 in an HL7720 cell model of ferroptosis induced by oleic acid .2 In vivo, dehydroabietic acid (10 and 20 mg/kg) reduces hepatic total cholesterol and triglyceride levels, ferroptosis, and lipid peroxidation in a mouse model of high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Dehydroabietic acid is also found in wood industry effluents and is considered a pollutant.3 It increases oxygen consumption and cellular heat production and reduces cellular ATP content in isolated rainbow trout (O. mykiss) hepatocytes.
1.Gon?alves, M.D., Bortoleti, B.T.S., Tomiotto-Pellissier, F., et al.Dehydroabietic acid isolated from Pinus elliottii exerts in vitro antileishmanial action by pro-oxidant effect, inducing ROS production in promastigote and downregulating Nrf2/ferritin expression in amastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensisFitoterapia128224-232(2018) 2.Gao, G., Xie, Z., Li, E.-W., et al.Dehydroabietic acid improves nonalcoholic fatty liver disease through activating the Keap1/Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway to reduce ferroptosisJ. Nat. Med.(2021) 3.Rissanen, E., Krumschnabel, G., and Nikinmaa, M.Dehydroabietic acid, a major component of wood industry effluents, interferes with cellular energetics in rainbow trout hepatocytesAquat. Toxicol.62(1)45-53(2003)