Crebanine is an aporphine alkaloid that has been found in Stephania venosa and has diverse biological activities.1,2,3,4,5 It is an antagonist of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs; IC50 = 19.1 ?M) and inhibits sodium currents (INa) in isolated guinea pig ventricular myocytes (IC50 = 283 ?M).1,2 Crebanine is active against the Gram-positive bacteria M. lysodeikticus, B. cereus, B. megaterium, B. subtilis, and S. aureus (MICs = 0.312, 0.213, 0.312, 0.312, and 0.312 g/L, respectively), as well as the plant pathogenic fungi C. kaki, G. haraeanum, P. oryzae, R. solani, and C. graminicola (EC50s = 111, 64.7, 18.9, 42.5, and 40.5 mg/L, respectively).3 It inhibits the LPS-induced production of TNF-α, IL-6, nitric oxide (NO), and prostaglandin E2 in RAW 264.7 macrophages when used at a concentration of 29.5 ?M.4 Crebanine inhibits the proliferation of A549 lung, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast, and SKOV3 and Caov-3 ovarian cells and reduces TNF-α induced invasion and migration of A549 cells in a concentration-dependent manner.5 It prevents scopolamine-induced memory deficits in the Morris water maze in mice when administered at a dose of 25 mg/kg.1
1.Rojsanga, P., Boonyarat, C., Utsintong, M., et al.The effect of crebanine on memory and cognition impairment via the alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptorLife Sci.91(3-4)107-114(2012) 2.Xiao-Shan, H., Qing, L., Yun-Shu, M., et al.Crebanine inhibits voltage-dependent Na+ current in guinea-pig ventricular myocytesChin. J. Nat. Med.12(1)20-23(2014) 3.Deng, Y., Yu, Y., Luo, H., et al.Antimicrobial activity of extract and two alkaloids from traditional Chinese medicinal plant Stephania dielsianaFood Chem.124(4)1556-1560(2011) 4.Intayoung, P., Limtrakul, P., and Yodkeeree, S.Antiinflammatory activities of crebanine by inhibition of NF-κB and AP-1 activation through suppressing MAPKs and Akt signaling in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophagesBiol. Pharm. Bull.39(1)54-61(2016) 5.Yodkeeree, S., Pompimon, W., and Limtrakul, P.Crebanine, an aporphine alkaloid, sensitizes TNF-α-induced apoptosis and suppressed invasion of human lung adenocarcinoma cells A549 by blocking NF-κB-regulated gene productsTumour Biol.35(9)8615-8624(2014)