5-O-Demethylnobiletin is a flavonoid that has been found in S. tragoriganum and has diverse biological activities.1,2,3,4 It induces neurite outgrowth and the expression of the genes encoding the neuronal differentiation and synapse formation markers growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43) and synaptophysin in PC12 cells when used at concentrations ranging from 10 to 20 ?M.1 5-O-Demethylnobiletin (2.5-20 ?M) reduces triglyceride levels in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and decreases body weight, intra-abdominal fat, plasma and liver triglyceride levels, and plasma cholesterol levels in a mouse model of high-fat diet-induced obesity when administered at a dose of 25 mg/kg.2 It reduces hepatic fibrosis and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in a mouse model of carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury.3 5-O-Demethylnobiletin also reduces ear edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, and papillar fibrosis in a mouse model of inflammation induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate .4
1.Chiu, S.-P., Wu, M.-J., Chen, P.-Y., et al.Neurotrophic action of 5-hydroxylated polymethoxyflavones: 5-demethylnobiletin and gardenin A stimulate neuritogenesis in PC12 cellsJ. Agric. Food Chem61(39)9453-9463(2013) 2.Tung, Y.-C., Li, S., Huang, Q., et al.5-Demethylnobiletin and 5-Acetoxy-6,7,8,3',4'-pentamethoxyflavone suppress lipid accumulation by activating the LKB1-AMPK pathway in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and high fat diet-fed C57BL/6 miceJ. Agric. Food Chem64(16)3196-3205(2016) 3.Chang, S.N., Kim, S.H., Dey, D.K., et al.5-O-Demethylnobiletin alleviates CCL4-induced acute liver injury by equilibrating ROS-mediated apoptosis and autophagy inductionInt. J. Mol. Sci.22(3)1083(2021) 4.Bas, E., Recio, M.C., Giner, R.M., et al.Anti-inflammatory activity of 5-O-demethylnobiletin, a polymethoxyflavone isolated from Sideritis tragoriganumPlanta Med.72(2)136-142(2006)