Creatine riboside

Creatine riboside is a human metabolite formed by the natural, non-enzymatic conjugation of creatine and ribose, it has emerged as a potential biomarker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis^{[1, 2]}. High levels of Creatine riboside are generally associated with poorer cancer prognosis, such as aggressive tumor growth and reduced immune cell infiltration. Creatine riboside may reflect mitochondrial urea cycle dysfunction and metabolic abnormalities in cancer cells^[3]. Creatine riboside was first discovered in urine samples from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and a control group through untargeted metabolomic analysis^[4].

References:
[1] Araújo H P F C. Purines, creatine, defective methylation and their biochemical and clinical relationship[M]. Universidade da Madeira (Portugal), 2003.
[2] Patel D P, Pauly G T, Tada T, et al. Improved detection and precise relative quantification of the urinary cancer metabolite biomarkers–Creatine riboside, creatinine riboside, creatine and creatinine by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS: Application to the NCI-Maryland cohort population controls and lung cancer cases[J]. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, 2020, 191: 113596.
[3] Parker A L, Toulabi L, Oike T, et al. Creatine riboside is a cancer cell–derived metabolite associated with arginine auxotrophy[J]. The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 2022, 132(14).
[4] Oike T, Kanke Y, Parker A, et al. Abstract PR02: Diagnostic and prognostic utility of urinary creatine riboside for early stage non-small cell lung cancer[J]. Clinical Cancer Research, 2018, 24(17_Supplement): PR02-PR02.

Creatine riboside是一种人体代谢产物，由肌酸（Creatine）和核糖（Ribose）通过非酶促反应自然结合形成的代谢物，能够作为一种有潜力的癌症诊断和预后生物标志物^{[1, 2]}。高水平的Creatine riboside通常与更差的癌症预后相关，例如肿瘤侵袭性生长、免疫细胞浸润减少等，Creatine riboside可能反映了癌细胞线粒体尿素循环功能障碍和代谢异常^[3]。Creatine riboside首次在非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者及人群对照组的尿液样本中进行非靶向代谢组学分析中发现^[4]。