Resveratrol is a potent phenolic antioxidant found in grapes, red wine, and various berries that also has antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory activity. cis-Resveratrol is the double bond isomer of trans-resveratrol, the more often studied and naturally abundant of the two resveratrol isomers. cis-Resveratrol exhibits antioxidant activity in the µM range similar to that observed with trans-resveratrol. It blocks production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by inhibition of NAD(P)H oxidase and also inhibits production of nitric oxide. At a concentration of 100 µM, cis-resveratrol significantly inhibits the expression of genes related to the Rel/NF-κB/IκB family, adhesion molecules, and acute-phase proteins in LPS and INF-γ-stimulated murine peritoneal macrophages. cis-Resveratrol inhibits uptake of noradrenaline and 5-HT by synaptosomes from rat brain with IC50 values of 79 and 51 µM, respectively. It also inhibits human monoamine oxidase-A (MOA-A) and MOA-B with IC50 values of 25 and 61 µM, respectively, which is similar to, but slightly less effective than, values obtained with trans-resveratrol.
Reference:
[1]. Rotondo, S., Rajtar, G., Manarini, S., et al. Effect of trans-resveratrol, a natural polyphenolic compound, on human polymorphonuclear leukocyte function. British Journal of Pharmacology 123, 1691-1699 (1998).
[2]. Orallo, F. Comparative studies of the antioxidant effects of cis- and trans-resveratrol. Current Medicinal Chemistry 13, 87-98 (2006).
[3]. Leiro, J., Arranz, J.A., Fraiz, N., et al. Effect of cis-resveratrol on genes involved in nuclear factor kappa B signaling. International Immunopharmacology 5, 393-406 (2005).
[4]. Yáñez, M., Fraiz, N., Cano, E., et al. Inhibitory effects of cis- and trans-resveratrol on noradrenaline and 5-hydroxytryptamine uptake and on monoamine oxidase activity. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 344, 688-695 (2006).