Artemisinin-d3 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of artemisinin . Artemisinin is an endoperoxide antimalarial agent with anticancer activity.1,2 It reduces the growth of various P. falciparum strains in vitro (IC50s = 3.98-20.36 nM) and reduces parasitemia in mice infected with P. falciparum with a curative dose (CD50) value of 140 mg/kg.1,3 It also reduces P. berghei infection in mice (ED50 = 5.6 mg/kg per day).4 Artemisinin (100-400 μM) induces cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase and apoptosis and inhibits growth of SK-N-AS, BE(2)-C, SK-N-DZ, and SHEP1 neuroblastoma cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner.2 It also suppresses BE(2)-C cell colony formation in a soft agar assay and reduces tumor growth in a BE(2)-C mouse xenograft model. Formulations containing artemisinin have been used in combination therapies for the treatment of malaria.
1.Akoachere, M., Buchholz, K., Fischer, E., et al.In vitro assessment of methylene blue on chloroquine-sensitive and -resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains reveals synergistic action with artemisininsAntimicrob. Agents Chemother.49(11)4592-4597(2005) 2.Zhu, S., Liu, W., Ke, X., et al.Artemisinin reduces cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in neuroblastomaOncol. Rep.32(3)1094-1100(2014) 3.Robert, A., Benoit-Vical, F., Claparols, C., et al.The antimalarial drug artemisinin alkylates heme in infected miceProc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.102(38)13676-13680(2005) 4.Chawira, A.N., Warhurst, D.C., Robinson, B.L., et al.The effect of combinations of qinghaosu (artemisinin) with standard antimalarial drugs in the suppressive treatment of malaria in miceTrans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg.81(4)554-558(1987)