ARQ 621 is a novel, allosteric,potent and selective inhibitor of Eg5. Eg5 is a member of the mitotickinesin superfamily which plays a key role in mitosis. Eg5 is essential for the dynamic organization of the mitotic spindle. Over-expression of Eg5 leads to genomic instability and tumor formation [1].
In vitro: In human liver microsomes, t1/2 of ARQ 621 was 53 min. The t1/2value of ARQ 621 in male and female mouse, rat, dog and monkey liver microsomes was 43, 53, 56, 53, 47, 44, 36, and 32 minutes, respectively [1]. IC50value of ARQ 621 for CYP 1A2, 2C9, 2D6, 3A4, 2C19, and 2C8 was>20, >20, >20, 4.1, 4.0, and 15 µM, respectively. ARQ 621 showed anti-tumor activity with potencies in the low nanomolar range across a range of human solid and hematological malignanciescancer cell types such as colon, NSCLC, gastric, and hematologic cancer cell lines [1].
In vivo: Oral administration of ARQ 621 showed that the bioavailability of ARQ 621 was approximately 9% [1].
Clinical trial: ARQ 621 was currently being tested in a Phase I clinical trial in cancer patients. ARQ 621 (10 mg/m2/week) was administered weekly intravenously over 1-2 hours. Adverse events emerged in 95.9% patients. The main drug-related side-effects were fatigue, acute intravascular hemolysis, and abdominal pain. ARQ 621 appeared to be well tolerated at the weekly dose of 280mg/m2[2,3].
References:
[1].Savage R E, Zhong C, Hall T, et al. In vitro ADME properties of ARQ 621: A specific Eg5 inhibitor[J]. Cancer Research, 2010, 70(8 Supplement): 5783-5783.
[2].Rosen L, Chen L C, Iyengar T, et al. ARQ 621, a novel potent and selective inhibitor of Eg5: preclinical data and early results from a clinical phase 1 study[J]. Cancer Research, 2010, 70(8 Supplement): 2750-2750.
[3.Chen L C, Rosen L S, Iyengar T, et al. First-in-human study with ARQ 621, a novel inhibitor of Eg5: Final results from the solid tumors cohort[C]//ASCO Annual Meeting Proceedings. 2011, 29(15_suppl): 3076.