β-Muricholic acid is a naturally occurring trihydroxy hydrophilic bile acid, as a biliary cholesterol-desaturating agent and facilitates the dissolution of cholesterol gallstones. It found in mice and differs from human primary bile acids by featuring a hydroxyl group in the β- configuration at the 6-position[1-3].
β-muricholic acid(100 µM；48h) inhibited lipid accumulation in primary-cultured mouse hepatocytes after exposure to palmitic acid (PA)/oleic acid (OA), it may be useful in the treatment of nonalcohol fatty liver disease (NAFLD) [4].
β-muricholic acid(0.5% β-muricholic acid in food; p.o; 8 weeks) is more effective than UDCA in enhancing the dissolution rates of cholesterol gallstones via increasing a liquid crystals-containing phase. Addition of beta-muricholic acid decreased gallstone prevalence to 20% through significantly reducing biliary secretion rate, saturation index, and intestinal absorption of cholesterol that prevented the transition of cholesterol from its liquid crystalline phase to solid crystals and stones [5].
[1]. Denk GU, Kleiss CP, et,al. Tauro-β-muricholic acid restricts bile acid-induced hepatocellular apoptosis by preserving the mitochondrial membrane potential. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2012 Aug 10;424(4):758-64. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.07.029. Epub 2012 Jul 15. PMID: 22809502.
[2]. Montet JC, Parquet M, et,al. beta-Muricholic acid; potentiometric and cholesterol-dissolving properties. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1987 Mar 13;918(1):1-10. doi: 10.1016/0005-2760(87)90002-6. PMID: 3828364.
[3]. Sacquet E, Parquet M, et,al. Metabolism of beta-muricholic acid in man. Steroids. 1985 May;45(5):411-26. doi: 10.1016/0039-128x(85)90006-6. PMID: 3834660.
[4]. Takada S, Matsubara T, et,al. Stress can attenuate hepatic lipid accumulation via elevation of hepatic β-muricholic acid levels in mice with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Lab Invest. 2021 Feb;101(2):193-203. doi: 10.1038/s41374-020-00509-x. Epub 2020 Dec 10. PMID: 33303970.
[5]. Wang DQ, Tazuma S. Effect of beta-muricholic acid on the prevention and dissolution of cholesterol gallstones in C57L/J mice. J Lipid Res. 2002 Nov;43(11):1960-8. doi: 10.1194/jlr.m200297-jlr200. PMID: 12401895.
β-胆酸β-muricholic acid是一种天然存在的三羟基亲水性胆汁酸，作为胆道胆固醇去饱和剂，促进胆固醇胆结石的溶解。它在小鼠中发现，不同于人类的原胆汁酸，它在6位的β-结构中具有羟基[1-3]。
β-muricholic acid(100 µM；48h)可抑制暴露于棕榈酸(PA)/油酸(OA)后的原代培养小鼠肝细胞的脂质积累, 可能对治疗非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)有用[4]。
β-muricholic acid(0.5% β-muricholic acid in food; p.o; 8 weeks)通过增加含液晶相，比UDCA更有效地提高胆固醇胆结石的溶解速率, 添加β-muricholic acid可显著降低胆汁分泌率、饱和指数和肠道对胆固醇的吸收，从而阻止胆固醇从液晶状态转变为固体晶体和结石，从而使胆结石患病率降至20%[5]。