β-Hydroxypropiovanillone, a natural compound, shows significant concentration-dependent inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase with an IC50 of 257.8 μg/mL[1].
β-hydroxypropiovanillone and its analogs can be obtained by chemoselective catalytic oxidation of lignin using 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone/tert-butyl nitrite/O2, followed by cleavage of arylglycerol-β-aryl ether with zinc[2].In SYK-6 cells, β-hydroxypropiovanillone (HPV) is oxidized to vanilloyl acetic acid (VAA) via vanilloyl acetaldehyde (VAL). The resulting VAA was further converted into vanillate through the activation of VAA by coenzyme A[3].
[1]. Lv Q , et al. Dihydrochalcone-derived polyphenols from tea crab apple (Malus hupehensis) and their inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase in vitro. Food Funct. 2019;10(5):2881-2887.
[2]. Higuchi Y, et al. Bacterial Catabolism of β-Hydroxypropiovanillone and β-Hydroxypropiosyringone Produced in the Reductive Cleavage of Arylglycerol-β-Aryl Ether in Lignin. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2018;84(7):e02670-17. Published 2018 Mar 19.
[3]. Higuchi Y, et al. Discovery of novel enzyme genes involved in the conversion of an arylglycerol-β-aryl ether metabolite and their use in generating a metabolic pathway for lignin valorization. Metab Eng. 2019;55:258-267.