Palmitoleic acid is an omega-7 monounsaturated fatty acid that is found in high concentrations in macadamia nuts[1]. Palmitoleic acid has anti-inflammatory properties and can improve insulin sensitivity in the liver and skeletal muscle[2, 3]. Dietary supplementation with palmitoleic acid can prevent cardiovascular disease and diet-induced metabolic disorders[4].
In vitro, treatment of EAHy926 cells with Palmitoleic acid (1-500μM) for 48h significantly inhibited cell viability and reduced the production of proinflammatory cytokines stimulated by TNFα at doses greater than 200μM[5]. Treatment of hepatocyte cell lines (HepG2, HuH7, and WRL68 cells) with Palmitoleic acid (660μM) for 24h significantly induced cell apoptosis and inhibited insulin receptor downstream signaling[6].
In vivo, topical treatment of skin wounds in Wistar rats with 100μL Palmitoleic acid (100μM) for 15 days significantly accelerated wound closure, reduced the area of injury, and decreased L-selectin concentrations at the wound site[7].
References:
[1] Hu W, Fitzgerald M, Topp B, et al. A review of biological functions, health benefits, and possible de novo biosynthetic pathway of palmitoleic acid in macadamia nuts[J]. Journal of Functional Foods, 2019, 62: 103520.
[2] Souza C O, Teixeira A A S, Biondo L A, et al. Palmitoleic acid reduces high fat diet-induced liver inflammation by promoting PPAR-γ-independent M2a polarization of myeloid cells[J]. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, 2020, 1865(10): 158776.
[3] Mozaffarian D, Cao H, King I B, et al. Circulating palmitoleic acid and risk of metabolic abnormalities and new-onset diabetes[J]. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2010, 92(6): 1350-1358.
[4] Yang Z H, Pryor M, Noguchi A, et al. Dietary palmitoleic acid attenuates atherosclerosis progression and hyperlipidemia in low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐deficient mice[J]. Molecular nutrition & food research, 2019, 63(12): 1900120.
[5] de Souza C O, Valenzuela C A, Baker E J, et al. Palmitoleic acid has stronger anti‐inflammatory potential in human endothelial cells compared to oleic and palmitic acids[J]. Molecular nutrition & food research, 2018, 62(20): 1800322.
[6] Ricchi M, Odoardi M R, Carulli L, et al. Differential effect of oleic and palmitic acid on lipid accumulation and apoptosis in cultured hepatocytes[J]. Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology, 2009, 24(5): 830-840.
[7] Weimann E, Silva M B B, Murata G M, et al. Topical anti-inflammatory activity of palmitoleic acid improves wound healing[J]. PloS one, 2018, 13(10): e0205338.
Palmitoleic acid是一种omega-7单不饱和脂肪酸，在澳洲坚果植物中含量很高[1]。Palmitoleic acid具有抗炎作用，能够提高肝脏和骨骼肌的胰岛素敏感性[2, 3]。在膳食中补充Palmitoleic acid能够预防心血管疾病和饮食引起的代谢紊乱[4]。
在体外，Palmitoleic acid（1-500μM）处理EAHy926细胞48h，剂量大于200μM情况下显著抑制了细胞活力，减少了TNFα刺激产生的促炎细胞因子[5]。Palmitoleic acid（660μM）处理肝细胞系（HepG2、HuH7、WRL68细胞）24h，显著诱导了细胞凋亡，抑制了胰岛素受体下游信号传导[6]。
在体内，采用100μL Palmitoleic acid（100μM）局部治疗Wistar大鼠皮肤上的伤口15天，显著加速了伤口闭合，减少了受伤面积，降低了伤口部位的L-选择素浓度[7]。