SynaptoRedTM C2 is a membrane-selective red fluorescent dye and a highly lipophilic water-soluble styrene dye that can specifically bind to cell membranes and endomembranous organelles to produce fluorescence with an excitation wavelength of 530-560nm and an emission wavelength of 590-650nm[1, 2]. SynaptoRedTM C2 can be used as a marker for endocytic and exocytic membrane structures and is also used to track synaptic activity by staining synaptic vesicles at synapses or neuromuscular junctions[3]. SynaptoRedTM C2 can be used to stain bacteria (Gram-positive or Gram-negative) and yeast, but is rapidly internalized into the vacuole membrane in yeast[4, 5].
References:
[1] Betz W J, Mao F, Bewick G S. Activity-dependent fluorescent staining and destaining of living vertebrate motor nerve terminals[J]. Journal of Neuroscience, 1992, 12(2): 363-375.
[2] Kang S Y, Pokhrel A, Bratsch S, et al. Engineering Bacillus subtilis for the formation of a durable living biocomposite material[J]. Nature communications, 2021, 12(1): 7133.
[3] Fischer‐Parton S, Parton R M, Hickey P C, et al. Confocal microscopy of FM4‐64 as a tool for analysing endocytosis and vesicle trafficking in living fungal hyphae[J]. Journal of microscopy, 2000, 198(3): 246-259.
[4] Wang H Y, Hua X W, Jia H R, et al. Universal cell surface imaging for mammalian, fungal, and bacterial cells[J]. ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering, 2016, 2(6): 987-997.
[5] Fischer‐Parton S, Parton R M, Hickey P C, et al. Confocal microscopy of FM4‐64 as a tool for analysing endocytosis and vesicle trafficking in living fungal hyphae[J]. Journal of microscopy, 2000, 198(3): 246-259.
SynaptoRedTM C2是一种膜选择性红色荧光染料，也是一种亲脂性很强的水溶性苯乙烯染料，能特异性地与细胞膜和内膜细胞器结合产生荧光，激发波长为530-560nm，发射波长为590-650nm[1, 2]。SynaptoRedTM C2能够作为内吞和外切膜结构标志物，也被用于通过在突触或神经肌肉接头处染色突触囊泡来跟踪突触活性[3]。SynaptoRedTM C2可用于细菌（革兰氏阳性或革兰氏阴性）和酵母染色，但在酵母中被迅速内化为液泡膜[4, 5]。