SB 216763 stands out as a powerful, selective, and ATP-competitive inhibitor of GSK-3, effectively targeting both GSK-3α and GSK-3β with an impressive IC50 of 34.3 nM[1-3].
SB 216763(1-20 µM; 24 hours) induces β-catenin mediated-transcription in a dose-dependent manner. Besides, SB 216763(10, 15 and 20 µM) can maintain mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) in a pluripotent state in the absence of exogenous leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) when cultured on mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) [4]. SB 216763 enhances neurogenesis but does not alter cell cycle exit or cell survival[5].
SB 216763(1-1.5 mg/kg/day;4weeks;s.c) was able to reverse the increased expression levels of molecular markers of inflammation and fibrosis in the heart and kidneys induced by aldosterone (Aldo) injection. Additionally, SB 216763 effectively suppressed cardiac and renal inflammatory cytokine levels, including TNF-a, IL-1β, and MCP-1[6]. SB 216763(10 mg/kg;i.p;3weeks) can reduce delayed gastric emptying (DGE) in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese/Type 2 diabetes (T2D) female mice[7]. Pretreatment with SB 216763 (2.5-5 mg/kg, i.p.) prior to amphetamine (2 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly reduced amphetamineinduced ambulation and stereotypy[8].
References:
[1]. Wang M, Gao M, et,al. The first synthesis of [(11)C]SB-216763, a new potential PET agent for imaging of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3). Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2011 Jan 1;21(1):245-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.11.026. Epub 2010 Nov 11. PMID: 21115250.
[2]. Coghlan MP, Culbert AA, et,al. Selective small molecule inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase-3 modulate glycogen metabolism and gene transcription. Chem Biol. 2000 Oct;7(10):793-803. doi: 10.1016/s1074-5521(00)00025-9. PMID: 11033082.
[3]. Xu Y, Zhao J, et,al.Derivation of totipotent-like stem cells with blastocyst-like structure forming potential. Cell Res. 2022 Jun;32(6):513-529. doi: 10.1038/s41422-022-00668-0. Epub 2022 May 4. PMID: 35508506; PMCID: PMC9160264.
[4]. Kirby LA, Schott JT, et,al.Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) inhibitor, SB-216763, promotes pluripotency in mouse embryonic stem cells. PLoS One. 2012;7(6):e39329. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039329. Epub 2012 Jun 26. PMID: 22745733; PMCID: PMC3383737.
[5]. Lange C, Mix E, et,al. Small molecule GSK-3 inhibitors increase neurogenesis of human neural progenitor cells. Neurosci Lett. 2011 Jan 13;488(1):36-40. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2010.10.076. Epub 2010 Nov 5. PMID: 21056624.
[6]. Zhang YD, Ding XJ, et,al. SB-216763, a GSK-3β inhibitor, protects against aldosterone-induced cardiac, and renal injury by activating autophagy. J Cell Biochem. 2018 Jul;119(7):5934-5943. doi: 10.1002/jcb.26788. Epub 2018 Mar 30. PMID: 29600538; PMCID: PMC6001754.
[7]. Sampath C, Srinivasan S, et,al.Inhibition of GSK-3β restores delayed gastric emptying in obesity-induced diabetic female mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2020 Oct 1;319(4):G481-G493. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00227.2020. Epub 2020 Aug 19. PMID: 32812777; PMCID: PMC7654647.
[8]. Enman NM, Unterwald EM. Inhibition of GSK3 attenuates amphetamine-induced hyperactivity and sensitization in the mouse. Behav Brain Res. 2012 May 16;231(1):217-25. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2012.03.027. PMID: 22649795; PMCID: PMC3566781.
SB 216763是一种强效、选择性且ATP竞争性的GSK-3抑制剂,显著作用于GSK-3α和GSK-3β,其IC50仅为34.3 nM[1-3]。
SB 216763(1-20µM;24h) 呈剂量依赖性诱导β-catenin介导的转录。此外,SB 216763(10、15和20µM)在小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞(MEF)培养时,可以在缺乏外源性白血病抑制因子(LIF)的情况下维持小鼠胚胎干细胞(mESCs)的多能状态[4]。SB 216763促进神经发生,但不改变细胞周期退出或细胞存活[5]。
SB 216763(1-1.5 mg/kg/day;4weeks;s.c)能够逆转醛固酮(Aldo)注射引起的心脏和肾脏炎症和纤维化分子标志物的表达水平升高。此外,SB 216763(10 mg/kg;i.p;3weeks)有效抑制心脏和肾脏炎症细胞因子水平,包括TNF-a、IL-1β和MCP-1[6]。SB 216763可降低高脂饮食(HFD)诱导的肥胖/ 2型糖尿病(T2D)雌性小鼠胃排空延迟(DGE) [7]。在使用安非他明之前使用SB 216763 (2.5-5 mg/kg, i.p.)进行预处理可显著降低安非他明引起的活动和刻板行为[8]。
















