Rosmarinic acid is a widespread phenolic ester compound in the plants. Rosmarinic acid has antiviral, antibacterial, antiinflammatory, neuroprotective, anticancer, anti-lipid peroxidative, apoptotic,and antioxidant activities[1]. Rosmarinic acid has the ability to block complement fixation, inhibit lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase activity and inhibit the expression of CCL11 and CCR3 by suppressing the IKK-β activity in NF-κB activation signaling[2].
Rosmarinic Acid (2, 4µg/mL; 24h) Promote NHE1 Expression In Vitro[3].Rosmarinic acid (10-100µg/mL; 12h) inhibited ROS and MMP-1 production in NHDF cells induced by H2O2 and UVA, respectively, without exerted cytotoxicity; and Nitric oxide and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) productions were inhibited by Rosmarinic acid (10-100µg/mL; 12h) in RAW264.7 mouse macrophage cells induced by combined LPS-IFN-γ[4].
Rosmarinic acid (50, 100mg/kg; po, 8 weeks) mediates reverse cholesterol transport through increased plasma cholesterol uptake and subsequent hepatobiliary excretion and induces lipid metabolism by increasing fatty acid β-oxidation in AMPK-dependent activation of CPT1A, thus modulating lipid accumulation and attenuating hyperlipidemia in HFD-fed mice[5].Rosmarinic acid (100mg/kg; po; 30d) alleviates pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and glucolipotoxicity-mediated oxidative stress during HFD-STZ-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus, perhaps through its antioxidant potential[6].
References:
[1].El Kantar S, Yassin A, Nehmeh B, et al. Deciphering the therapeutical potentials of rosmarinic acid[J]. Scientific Reports, 2022, 12(1): 15489.
[2].Lee J, Jung E, Kim Y, et al. Rosmarinic acid as a downstream inhibitor of IKK‐β in TNF‐α‐induced upregulation of CCL11 and CCR3[J]. British journal of pharmacology, 2006, 148(3): 366-375.
[3]. Jung S W, Park G H, Kim E, et al. Rosmarinic acid, as an NHE1 activator, decreases skin surface pH and improves the skin barrier function[J]. International journal of molecular sciences, 2022, 23(7): 3910.
[4].Pattananandecha T, Apichai S, Julsrigival J, et al. Antioxidant activity and anti-photoaging effects on UVA-irradiated human fibroblasts of rosmarinic acid enriched extract prepared from Thunbergia laurifolia leaves[J]. Plants, 2021, 10(8): 1648.
[5]. Nyandwi J B, Ko Y S, Jin H, et al. Rosmarinic acid exhibits a lipid-lowering effect by modulating the expression of reverse cholesterol transporters and lipid metabolism in high-fat diet-fed mice[J]. Biomolecules, 2021, 11(10): 1470.
[6].Govindaraj J, Sorimuthu Pillai S. Rosmarinic acid modulates the antioxidant status and protects pancreatic tissues from glucolipotoxicity mediated oxidative stress in high-fat diet: streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats[J]. Molecular and cellular biochemistry, 2015, 404: 143-159.
Rosmarinic acid是一种广泛存在于植物中的酚酯化合物。Rosmarinic acid具有抗病毒、抗菌、抗炎、神经保护、抗癌、抗脂质过氧化、细胞凋亡和抗氧化活性[1]。Rosmarinic acid能够阻断补体固定，抑制脂氧合酶和环氧合酶活性，并通过抑制NF-κB活化信号中的IKK-β活性来抑制CCL11和CCR3的表达[2]。
Rosmarinic acid（2、4µg/mL；24h）促进体外 NHE1 表达[3]。Rosmarinic acid （10–100µg/mL；12h）可抑制H2O2和UVA分别诱导的NHDF细胞中的ROS和 MMP-1产生，而不会产生细胞毒性；Rosmarinic acid（10-100µg/mL；12h）抑制了LPS-IFN-γ联合诱导的RAW264.7小鼠巨噬细胞中一氧化氮和诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）的产生[4]。
Rosmarinic acid（50、100mg/kg；po，8 weeks）通过增加血浆胆固醇摄取和随后的肝胆排泄介导胆固醇的逆向转运，并通过增加AMPK依赖的CPT1A激活中脂肪酸β-氧化来诱导脂质代谢，从而调节脂质积累并减轻HFD喂养小鼠的高脂血症[5]。Rosmarinic acid（100mg/kg；po；30d）可能通过其抗氧化潜力缓解HFD-STZ诱导的2型糖尿病期间胰腺β细胞功能障碍和糖脂毒性介导的氧化应激[6]。