Resolvins are a family of potent lipid mediators derived from both eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid.[1] In addition to being anti-inflammatory, resolvins promote the resolution of the inflammatory response back to a non-inflamed state.[2] Resolvin D1 (RvD1) is produced physiologically from the sequential oxygenation of DHA by 15- and 5-lipoxygenase.[1] A 17(R)-epimer of RvD1 can also be generated in aspirin-treated samples.[3] Both RvD1 and its 17(R)-configuration reduce human polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL) transendothelial migration, the earliest event in acute inflammation, with EC50 values of ~30 nM.4 RvD1 and its aspirin-triggered form also exhibit a dose-dependent reduction in leukocyte infiltration in a mouse model of peritonitis with a maximal inhibition of ~35% at a 10-100 ng dose.[4] Analytical and biological comparisons of synthetic RvD1 with endogenously derived RvD1 have confirmed its identity as matching the natural product.[5]
Reference:
[1]. Hong, S., Gronert, K., Devchand, P.R., et al. Novel docosatrienes and 17S-resolvins generated from docosahexaenoic acid in murine brain, human blood, and glial cells. Autacoids in anti-inflammation. The Journal of Biological Chemisty 278(17), 14677-14687 (2003).
[2]. Ariel, A., and Serhan, C.N. Resolvins and protectins in the termination program of acute inflammation. TRENDS in Immunology 28(4), 176-183 (2007).
[3]. Serhan, C.N., Hong, S., Gronert, K., et al. Resolvins: A family of bioactive products of ω-3 fatty acid transformation circuits by aspirin treatment that counter proinflammation signals. J. Exp. Med. 196(8), 1025-1037 (2002).
[4]. Sun, Y.P., Oh, S.F., Uddin, J., et al. Resolvin D1 and its aspirin-triggered 17R epimer stereochemical assignments, anti-inflammatory properties, and enzymatic inactivation. The Journal of Biological Chemisty 282(13), 9323-9334 (2007).
[5]. Serhan, C. . (2007).