Nifuroxazide-d4 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of nifuroxazide by GC- or LC-MS. Nifuroxazide is a nitrofuran antibiotic.1 It is active against strains of the enteropathogenic bacteria C. jejuni, Salmonella, Y. enterocolitica, Shigella, and E. coli.1 It inhibits quorum sensing and virulence factor production in P. aeruginosa.2 Nifuroxazide inhibits STAT3 activity in a reporter assay (IC50 = ~3 µM) and decreases viability of U266 and INA-6 myeloma cells, which have constitutive STAT3 phosphorylation, with EC50 values of approximately 4.5 µM for both.3 It also decreases viability, migration, and invasion of, and induces apoptosis in, MCF-7, 4T1, and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells.4 Nifuroxazide (50 mg/kg per day) reduces tumor growth and prevents pulmonary metastasis in a 4T1 murine mammary carcinoma model. It also reduces diarrhea, weight loss, and colon inflammation in a rat model of acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis.5
1.Vanhoof, R., Coignau, H., Stas, G., et al.Evaluation of the in vitro activity of nifuroxazide on enteropathogenic microorganisms: Determination of bacteriostatic and bactericidal concentrations and disk susceptibilityActa Clin. Belg.36(3)126-129(1981) 2.Yang, L., Rybtke, M.T., Jakobsen, T.H., et al.Computer-aided identification of recognized drugs as Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum-sensing inhibitorsAntimicrob. Agents Chemother.53(6)2432-2443(2009) 3.Nelson, E.A., Walker, S.R., Kepich, A., et al.Nifuroxazide inhibits survival of multiple myeloma cells by directly inhibiting STAT3Blood112(13)5095-5102(2008) 4.Yang, F., Hu, M., Lei, Q., et al.Nifuroxazide induces apoptosis and impairs pulmonary metastasis in breast cancer modelCell Death Dis.6(3)e1701(2015) 5.El-Far, Y.M., Elsherbiny, N.M., El-Shafey, M., et al.The interplay of the inhibitory effect of nifuroxazide on NF-κB/STAT3 signaling attenuates acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in ratsEnviron. Toxicol. Pharmacol.79103433(2020)