NF-κB Activation Inhibitor III is a NF-κB inhibitor.
NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) is a protein complex controling transcription of DNA, cytokine production as well as cell survival. NF-κB is found in nearly all animal cell types and is involved in cellular responses to stimuli such as cytokines, stress, free radicals, heavy metals, and bacterial or viral antigens.
In vitro: Previous study found that NF-κB Activation Inhibitor III could inhibite TNF-a-induced MMP-9 upregulation in concentration-dependently and showed maximal activity at 10 μM. NF-κB Activation Inhibitor III also inhibited TNF-a-induced MMP-9 mRNA transcript accumulation and protein expression. It was also found that NF-κB Activation Inhibitor III strongly inhibited TNF-a-induced NF-jB activity but not AP-1 activity. In addition, NF-κB Activation Inhibitor III was able to strongly inhibit the TNF-a-induced invasion of HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cell line. These findings demonstrated that NF-κB Activation Inhibitor III was a synthetic compound inhibiting TNF-a-induced MMP-9 expression, and therefore NF-κB Activation Inhibitor III would be useful for the development of chemotherapy targeting TNF-a-mediated tumor invasion and metastasis [1]. NF-κB Activation Inhibitor III was used to disrupt NF-κB signaling to evaluate the role of syndecans in mediating extracellular matrix integrity [2].
In vivo: So far, there is no animal in vivo data reported.
Clinical trial: Up to now, NF-κB Activation Inhibitor III is still in the preclinical development stage.
References:
[1] H. Y. Lee, K. S. Park, M. K. Kim, et al. A small compound that inhibits tumor necrosis factor-α-induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 upregulation. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 336(2), 716-722 (2005).
[2] H. Yang, H. Liu, X. Li, et al. TNF-α and TGF-β1 regulate Syndecan-4 expression in nucleus pulposus cells: Role of the mitogen-activated protein kinase and NF-κB pathways. Connect.Tissue Res. 56(4), 281-287 (2015).