Homoplantaginin

Cell experiment:

The viability of cultured cells is determined using the MTT assay. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells are exposed to various concentrations of homoplantaginin (0.1, 1, 3, 10, 30, 100 μM) for 48 h. Subsequently, 20 μL of MTT (5 mg/mL) is added to each well for an additional 4 h at 37°C. The supernatant is removed, and DMSO is added to dissolvethe formazan crystals. The optical absorbance is measured at 540 nm[3].

Animal experiment:

Rats: Homoplantaginin is dissolved in a solution consistingof DMSO, PEG 400, ethanol and normal saline(2:2:3:3, v/v/v/v) at a concentration of 10 mg/mL. The rats are randomly divided into three groups to receive oral administration(150 mg/kg), tail vein injection (15 mg/kg) and peritoneal injectionv (15 mg/kg). Blood samples (approximately 0.5 mL) are collected from the retro-orbital plexus into heparinized microfugetubes at 5, 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, and 180 min after administration. The plasma samples, separated by centrifuging the blood samples at 10,000 rpm[4]. Mice: Homoplantaginin is dissolved in 5% amylum. Homoplantaginin is administered orally by gastric intubation during the experimental period at doses of 25, 50, 100 mg/kg/d, respectively. Eight hours after injection of LPS, the mice are anesthetized with ether and blood samples are collected by exsanguination from the inferior vein. The liver is removed and fixed in formalin for histological analysis[1].

References:

[1]. Qu XJ, et al. Protective effects of Salvia plebeia compound homoplantaginin on hepatocyte injury. Food Chem Toxicol. 2009 Jul;47(7):1710-5.
[2]. He B, et al. Homoplantaginin Inhibits Palmitic Acid-induced Endothelial Cells Inflammation by Suppressing TLR4 and NLRP3 Inflammasome. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2016 Jan;67(1):93-101.
[3]. Wu F, et al. Homoplantaginin modulates insulin sensitivity in endothelial cells by inhibiting inflammation. Biol Pharm Bull. 2012;35(7):1171-7.
[4]. Cong Y, et al. Pharmacokinetics of homoplantaginin in rats following intravenous, peritoneal injection and oral administration. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2016 Sep 10;129:405-9.