Histamine is a biogenic amine.1,2,3 It is produced from histidine in basophils, mast cells, gastric enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells, and histaminergic neurons by histidine decarboxylase (HDC). Histamine activates the G protein-coupled histamine H1-4 receptors to regulate allergic and inflammatory responses, gastric acid secretion, arousal, cognition, and immune cell chemotaxis.
组胺是一种生物胺。1,2,3 它是由组胺脱羧酶（HDC）在嗜碱细胞、肥大细胞、胃内分泌类酪细胞（ECL）和组胺能神经元中从组氨酸产生的。组胺通过激活G蛋白偶联的组胺H1-4受体来调节过敏和炎症反应、胃酸分泌、觉醒、认知和免疫细胞趋化作用。
1.Kovacova-Hanuskova, E., Buday, T., Gavliakova, S., et al.Histamine, histamine intoxication and intoleranceAllergol. Immunopathol. (Madr)43(5)498-506(2015) 2.Moriguchi, T., and Takai, J.Histamine and histidine decarboxylase: Immunomodulatory functions and regulatory mechanismsGenes Cells25(7)443-449(2020) 3.Lieberman, P.The basics of histamine biologyAnn. Allergy Asthma Immunol.106(2 Suppl)S2-S5(2011)