Glycolithocholic Acid, a conjugate of secondary bile acids and glycine, is an endogenous metabolic product within the body[1]. Changes in the concentration of Glycolithocholic Acid in serum or tissues can assist in the diagnosis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), ulcerative colitis (UC), and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC)[2].
In vivo, Glycolithocholic Acid treatment via intravenous injection (16μmol/100g body weight; once a week for 8 weeks) significantly increased the frequency of T regulatory cells and promoted osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, alleviating osteoporosis in rats following ovariectomy[3].
References:
[1] Cowen A R, Hofmann A F, Cass O W. Metabolism of Lithocholate in Healthy Man: I. Biotransformation and biliary excretion of intravenously administered lithocholate, lithocholylglycine, and their sulfates[J]. Gastroenterology, 1975, 69(1): 59-66.
[2] Raufman J P, Zimniak P, Bartoszko-Malik A. Lithocholyltaurine interacts with cholinergic receptors on dispersed chief cells from guinea pig stomach[J]. American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, 1998, 274(6): G997-G1004.
[3] Cai X, Li Z, Yao Y, et al. Glycolithocholic acid increases the frequency of circulating Tregs through constitutive androstane receptor to alleviate postmenopausal osteoporosis[J]. Biochemical Pharmacology, 2024, 219: 115951.
Glycolithocholic Acid是次级胆汁酸与甘氨酸的结合物，为体内内源性代谢产物[1]。Glycolithocholic Acid在血清或组织中浓度的变化可用于辅助诊断非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（NASH）、溃疡性结肠炎（UC）和原发性硬化性胆管炎（PSC）[2]。
在体内，大鼠经静脉注射Glycolithocholic Acid（16μmol/100g，每周一次，持续8周）后，可显著增加调节性T细胞频率并促进间充质干细胞成骨分化，从而缓解卵巢切除术后骨质疏松症[3]。