β-Glycerophosphate (sodium salt hydrate) is a potent protein phosphatase inhibitor [1].
Protein phosphatase is an enzyme that removes a phosphate group from the phosphorylated amino acid residue of its target protein. Protein phosphorylation is one of the most common protein posttranslational modifications.
β-Glycerophosphate is a potent protein phosphatase inhibitor that acts as a phosphate group donor in bone cell mineralization studies [1][3]. In MC3T3-E1, ROS 17/2.8, and chick osteoblast-like cells, β-Glycerophosphate did not affect the rate of anaerobic glycolysis, but increased the medium Pi levels, suggesting that β-Glycerophosphate was hydrolyzed by bone cells. The local increase in medium Pi concentration promoted rapid mineral deposition [1]. In human bone marrow stromal cells (HBMSC) and human osteoblasts (HOB), BMP-2 resulted in mineralization of their matrix in the presence of beta-glycerophosphate and ascorbic acid [3]. β-Glycerophosphate (10 mM) also accelerated calcification of cultured vascular smooth muscle cells through an alkaline phosphatase-related mechanism [4].
β-甘油磷酸钠盐水合物是一种强效的蛋白磷酸酶抑制剂[1]。
蛋白磷酸酶是一种酶，可以从其目标蛋白的磷酸化氨基酸残基上移除一个磷酸基团。蛋白质磷酸化是最常见的蛋白质翻译后修饰之一。
β-甘油磷酸钠盐水合物是一种强效的蛋白磷酸酶抑制剂，在骨细胞矿化研究中作为磷酸基团供体[1][3]。在MC3T3-E1、ROS 17/2.8和鸡成骨样细胞中，β-甘油磷酸钠盐水合物不影响无氧糖酵解速率，但会增加培养基中的磷酸盐含量，这表明β-甘油磷酸钠盐水合物被骨细胞水解。培养基中局部磷酸盐浓度的升高促进了快速的矿物沉积[1]。在人类骨髓基质细胞（HBMSC）和人类成骨细胞（HOB）中，β-甘油磷酸钠盐水合物和抗坏血酸存在下，BMP-2促进了它们的基质矿化[3]。β-甘油磷酸钠盐水合物（10 mM）还通过碱性磷酸酶相关机制加速了培养的血管平滑肌细胞的钙化[4]。
References:
[1]. Chung CH, Golub EE, Forbes E, et al. Mechanism of action of beta-glycerophosphate on bone cell mineralization. Calcif Tissue Int. 1992 Oct;51(4):305-11.
[2]. Fujimoto H, Mabuchi I. Isolation of cleavage furrows from eggs of regular sea urchins and identification of furrow-specific proteins. J Biochem. 1997 Sep;122(3):518-24.
[3]. Lecanda F, Avioli LV, Cheng SL. Regulation of bone matrix protein expression and induction of differentiation of human osteoblasts and human bone marrow stromal cells by bone morphogenetic protein-2. J Cell Biochem. 1997 Dec 1;67(3):386-96.
[4]. Shioi A, Nishizawa Y, Jono S, et al. Beta-glycerophosphate accelerates calcification in cultured bovine vascular smooth muscle cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1995 Nov;15(11):2003-9.