Apiin is a polyketide synthase-derived flavonoid glycoside that has been found in A. graveolens and has diverse biological activities.1,2,3,4 It inhibits Aurora B kinase in a cell-free assay using the human enzyme (IC50 = 12.14 ?M).2 Apiin (10 and 50 ?g/ml) inhibits LPS-induced increases in nitric oxide (NO) release and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) levels in J774.A1 macrophages.3 It scavenges DPPH , superoxide, and hydroxyl radicals (IC50s = 68, 390, and 48 ?g/ml, respectively), as well as increases the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase in mouse serum, brain, heart, liver, and kidney when administered at a dose of 50 mg/kg.4
1.Cheung, V.W.N., Xue, B., Hernandez-Valladares, M., et al.Identification of polyketide inhibitors targeting 3-dehydroquinate dehydratase in the shikimate pathway of Enterococcus faecalisPLoS One9(7)e103598(2014) 2.Jung, Y., Shin, S.Y., Yong, Y., et al.Plant-derived flavones as inhibitors of aurora B kinase and their quantitative structure-activity relationshipsChem. Biol. Drug Des.85(5)574-585(2015) 3.Mencherini, T., Cau, A., Bianco, G., et al.An extract of Apium graveolens var. dulce leaves: Structure of the major constituent, apiin, and its anti-inflammatory propertiesJ. Pharm. Pharmacol.59(6)891-897(2007) 4.Li, P., Jia, J., Zhang, D., et al.In vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of a flavonoid isolated from celery (Apium graveolens L. var. dulce)Food Funct.5(1)50-56(2014)