Eleutheroside E (EE) is a principal active component of Acanthopanax senticosus that possesses anti-fatigue, neuroprotective and immunomodulatory activities[1].
In vitro, Eleutheroside E (100, 300 and 500μM; 48h) can improve the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) -induced apoptosis of PC-12 cells by increasing the mitochondrial membrane potential and reducing the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS)[2]. Eleutheroside E (25μM; 72h) inhibited the cell viability with promoted apoptosis in Cervical cancer (CC) cells[3]. Eleutheroside E (30, 60 and 100mM; 12h) administration attenuated the cardiomyocyte apoptosis induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) injury[4].
In vivo, Pre-treatment with Eleutheroside E (50 and 100 mg/kg; 3 days; i.p.) can improve the pathological manifestations of high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE), such as alveolar hemorrhage, thickening of the alveolar walls, inflammatory cell infiltration, and alveolar and interstitial edema, with the effects being positively related to the dose[1]. Supplementation with Eleutheroside E (50 mg/kg/d; 4 weeks) can prevent radiation-induced cognitive impairment and damage of neuron morphology and ultrastructures in the hippocampus of mice[5]. Eleutheroside E (10mg/kg; 20 days; gavage) alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in a 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C (Htr2c)-dependent manner in rats[6].
References:
[1] Shen Z, Huang D, Jia N, Zhao S, Pei C, Wang Y, Wu Y, Wang X, Shi S, Wang F, He Y, Wang Z. Protective effects of Eleutheroside E against high-altitude pulmonary edema by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis. Biomed Pharmacother. 2023 Nov;167:115607.
[2] Yao Y, Liao C, Qiu H, Liang L, Zheng W, Wu L, Meng F. Effect of Eleutheroside E on an MPTP-Induced Parkinson's Disease Cell Model and Its Mechanism. Molecules. 2023 Apr 29;28(9):3820.
[3] Cai Y, Zhang J, Xin T, Xu S, Liu X, Gao Y, Huang H. Eleutheroside E functions as anti-cervical cancer drug by inhibiting the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway and reprogramming the metabolic responses. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2022 Sep 1;74(9):1251-1260.
[4] Wang S, Yang X. Eleutheroside E decreases oxidative stress and NF-κB activation and reprograms the metabolic response against hypoxia-reoxygenation injury in H9c2 cells. Int Immunopharmacol. 2020 Jul;84:106513.
[5] Song C, Duan F, Ju T, Qin Y, Zeng D, Shan S, Shi Y, Zhang Y, Lu W. Eleutheroside E supplementation prevents radiation-induced cognitive impairment and activates PKA signaling via gut microbiota. Commun Biol. 2022 Jul 8;5(1):680.
[6] Liu Z, Gao W, Xu Y. Eleutheroside E alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in a 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C (Htr2c)-dependent manner in rats. Bioengineered. 2022 May;13(5):11718-11731.
Eleutheroside E (EE)是西伯利亚人参(Acanthopanax senticosus)的主要活性成分，具有抗疲劳、神经保护和免疫调节作用[1]。
体外实验表明，Eleutheroside E (100, 300和500μM; 48h)能够通过增加线粒体膜电位和降低细胞内活性氧（ROS）水平，改善1-甲基-4-苯基-1,2,3,6-四氢吡啶(MPTP)诱导的PC-12细胞凋亡[2]。此外，Eleutheroside E (25μM; 72h)抑制了宫颈癌(CC)细胞的活性，并促进了其凋亡[3]。Eleutheroside E (30, 60和100mM; 12h)减轻了缺氧复氧(Hypoxia-reoxygenation, H/R)损伤诱导的心肌细胞凋亡[4]。
在体内实验中，Eleutheroside E (50和100mg/kg; 3天; 腹腔注射)预处理能够改善高原性肺水肿(HAPE)引起的病理表现，如肺泡出血、肺泡壁增厚、炎症细胞浸润以及肺泡和间质水肿，其效果与剂量呈正相关[1]。Eleutheroside E (50mg/kg/天; 4周)补充能够预防辐射诱导的小鼠海马神经元形态和超微结构的认知障碍和损伤[5]。此外，Eleutheroside E (10mg/kg; 20天; 管饲法)能够以5-羟色胺受体2C (Htr2c)依赖的方式减轻大鼠的脑缺血再灌注损伤[6]。