Efalizumab is a targeted T cell modulator, and is a humanized monoclonal antibody of CD11a, the α subunit of LFA-1. Efalizumab inhibits T cell activation, cutaneous T cell trafficking, and T cell adhesion to keratinocytes, can be used for plaque psoriasis research[1].
Efalizumab (78 ng/mL-5 mg/mL) induces a leukocytosis and downregulates LFA-1 expression on T cells in the peripheral blood[3].
Efalizumab (78 ng/mL-5 mg/mL) downregulates plate-bound, anti-CD3-stimulated proliferation of PBMC[3].
Efalizumab shows side effects include bacterial sepsis, viral meningitis, invasive fungal disease and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopat (PML), a brain infection caused by reactivation of latent JC virus infection[2].
[1]. Leonardi CL. Efalizumab: an overview. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2003 Aug;49(2 Suppl):S98-104.
[2]. Berger JR, et al. Monoclonal antibodies and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopat. MAbs. 2009 Nov-Dec;1(6):583-9.
[3]. Koszik F, et al. Efalizumab modulates T cell function both in vivo and in vitro. J Dermatol Sci. 2010 Dec;60(3):159-66.