Cidofovir dihydrate is an acyclic monophosphate nucleotide analog, a CMV inhibitor, possessing antiviral activity[1-2]. Cidofovir dihydrate selectively inhibits viral DNA polymerase, thereby inhibiting cytomegalovirus replication and inducing apoptosis. Cidofovir dihydrate can be used in antiviral and cancer treatment-related research[3-4].
In vitro, MA104 cells were pretreated with Cidofovir dihydrate (50-400μM) for 6 hours, followed by infection with Human Bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) for 12 hours. Cidofovir dihydrate significantly inhibited HBoV1 replication, resulting in a dose-dependent reduction in viral DNA copy number[5]. HBoV1-HiBiTNS1-transfected HEK293T-LgBiT cells were treated with Cidofovir dihydrate (200μM) for 72 hours. Cidofovir dihydrate inhibited HBoV1 replicative activity[6].
In vivo, in an intracranial glioblastoma (GBM) xenograft mouse model, Cidofovir dihydrate (100mg/kg; intraperitoneal injection; 3 times per week) significantly extended the survival of tumor-bearing mice, induced apoptosis in tumor cells, and promoted DNA double-strand breaks while activating the p53 and Fas/TNFα-Trail pathways[7]. In a Monkeypox virus (MPXV) systemic dissemination SCID mouse model, early post-exposure administration of Cidofovir dihydrate (100mg/kg; subcutaneous injection; 2 times per week) on the day of infection or within 2 days post-infection significantly inhibited viral replication in organs such as the lungs, liver, and spleen, and alleviated histopathological damage[8].
References:
[1] Maggs DJ, Clarke HE. In vitro efficacy of ganciclovir, cidofovir, penciclovir, foscarnet, idoxuridine, and acyclovir against feline herpesvirus type-1. Am J Vet Res. 2004 Apr;65(4):399-403.
[2] Bray M, Martinez M, Smee DF, et al. Cidofovir protects mice against lethal aerosol or intranasal cowpox virus challenge. J Infect Dis. 2000 Jan;181(1):10-9.
[3] Kendle JB, Fan-Havard P. Cidofovir in the treatment of cytomegaloviral disease. Ann Pharmacother. 1998 Nov;32(11):1181-92.
[4] Stafford A, Rimmer S, Gilchrist M, et al. Use of cidofovir in a patient with severe mpox and uncontrolled HIV infection. Lancet Infect Dis. 2023 Jun;23(6):e218-e226.
[5] Tang J, Chen S, Deng Y, et al. MA104 cell line is permissive for human bocavirus 1 infection. J Virol. 2025 Feb 25;99(2):e0153924.
[6] Tang J, Chen S, Zhong Y, et al. Development of a reporter HBoV1 strain for antiviral drug screening and life cycle studies. Virol Sin. 2025 Apr;40(2):275-283.
[7] Hadaczek P, Ozawa T, Soroceanu L, et al. Cidofovir: a novel antitumor agent for glioblastoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2013 Dec 1;19(23):6473-83.
[8] Cao X, Shi N, Qiu X, et al. Intervention timing and disease stage shape tecovirimat and cidofovir efficacy in male SCID mice. Nat Commun. 2025 Dec 18;17(1):843.
Cidofovir dihydrate是一种无环单磷酸核苷酸类似物，一种CMV抑制剂，具有抗病毒活性[1-2]。Cidofovir dihydrate可通过选择性抑制病毒DNA聚合酶来抑制巨细胞病毒复制，诱导细胞凋亡。Cidofovir dihydrate可用于抗病毒、治疗癌症的相关研究[3-4]。
在体外，Cidofovir dihydrate（50-400μM）预处理MA104细胞的MA104细胞6小时，随后使用埃博拉1型病毒（HBoV1）感染细胞12小时。Cidofovir dihydrate显著抑制HBoV1复制，其病毒DNA拷贝数呈现剂量依赖性减少[5]。Cidofovir dihydrate（200μM）处理HBoV1-HiBiTNS1转染的HEK293T-LgBiT细胞72小时，Cidofovir dihydrate可抑制HBoV1复制活性[6]。
在体内，在颅内胶质母细胞（GBM）异种移植小鼠模型中，Cidofovir dihydrate（100mg/kg；腹腔注射；每周3次）显著延长了荷瘤小鼠的生存期，诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡，促进DNA双链断裂和激活p53、Fas/TNFα-Trail通路[7]。在猴痘病毒（MPXV）全身播散SCID小鼠模型中，Cidofovir dihydrate（100mg/kg；皮下注射；每周2次）在暴露后早期（感染当天或感染后2天内）给药，可显著抑制病毒在肺、肝、脾等器官的复制，并减轻组织病理损伤[8]。