Chlorogenic acid is a potent neuroprotective agent and also has antiviral,antifungal antioxidant and antitumor properties. CGA is also involved in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism and improving insulin sensitivity [1].
Chlorogenic acid (25, 50 μM; 24h) dose-dependently reduced the expression of p-c-Myc and increased the expression of p21 in U87MG and M059J cells[1]; Chlorogenic acid (30, 60 μM, 24h) inhibited the proliferation of B16 melanoma cells; After co-incubation of B16 melanoma cells with 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP), chlorogenic acid (500 μM, 24h) reduced melanin production in B16 melanoma cells and inhibited tyrosinase activity[2].
Chlorogenic acid (75mg/kg, ip, bid) inhibited the tumor growth of rat C6 glioma, with a tumor volume inhibition rate of 57%[1]. In the LPS-induced acute lung injury model, chlorogenic acid (50 mg/kg, ip) inhibited the LPS-induced increase in lung tissue MPO activity and the migration of neutrophils (PMN) to bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and blocked the release of nitric oxide (NO) induced by LPS stimulation [3]. Chlorogenic acid (100 mg/kg, ip, biw, 6 weeks) treatment inhibited HFD-induced liver steatosis and insulin resistance. Chlorogenic acid inhibited the expression of liver Pparγ, Cd36, Fabp4 and Mgat1 genes, reduced inflammation in the liver and white adipose tissue, and was accompanied by a decrease in the mRNA levels of macrophage marker genes (including F4/80, Cd68, Cd11b, Cd11c, and Tnfα, Mcp-1 and Ccr2 encoding inflammatory proteins) [4].
References:
[1]. Huang S, Wang LL, Xue NN, Li C, Guo HH, Ren TK, Zhan Y, Li WB, Zhang J, Chen XG, Han YX, Zhang JL, Jiang JD. Chlorogenic acid effectively treats cancers through induction of cancer cell differentiation. Theranostics. 2019 Sep 19;9(23):6745-6763.
[2]. Li HR, Habasi M, Xie LZ, Aisa HA. Effect of chlorogenic acid on melanogenesis of B16 melanoma cells. Molecules. 2014 Aug 25;19(9):12940-8.
[3]. Zhang X, Huang H, Yang T, Ye Y, Shan J, Yin Z, Luo L. Chlorogenic acid protects mice against lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury. Injury. 2010 Jul;41(7):746-52.
[4]. Ma Y, Gao M, Liu D. Chlorogenic acid improves high fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance in mice. Pharm Res. 2015 Apr;32(4):1200-9.
Chlorogenic acid是一种有效的神经保护剂，同时具有抗病毒、抗真菌、抗氧化和抗肿瘤作用。Chlorogenic acid还参与调节葡萄糖和脂质代谢，改善胰岛素敏感性[1]。
Chlorogenic acid（25,50 μM ;24h）剂量依赖性地降低了U87MG和M059J细胞中p-c-Myc的表达并增加了p21的表达[1]; Chlorogenic acid（30,60 µM，24h）抑制了B16黑色素瘤细胞的增殖; Chlorogenic acid（500 μM，24h）在B16黑色素瘤细胞和8-甲氧基补骨脂素（8-MOP）共孵育后，B16黑色素瘤细胞中黑色素生成减少，同时抑制酪氨酸酶活性[2]。
Chlorogenic acid (75mg/kg，ip，bid)抑制大鼠C6胶质瘤的肿瘤生长，其肿瘤体积抑制率为57%[1]。在LPS诱发的急性肺损伤模型中，Chlorogenic acid (50mg/kg，ip)抑制了LPS诱导的肺组织MPO活性升高和中性粒细胞(PMN)向支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)的迁移,阻止LPS刺激引起的一氧化氮(NO)的释放[3]。Chlorogenic acid (100mg/kg，ip，biw，6周)治疗可抑制HFD诱导的肝脏脂肪变性和胰岛素抵抗，绿原酸抑制肝脏Pparγ、Cd36、Fabp4和Mgat1基因的表达，减少肝脏和白色脂肪组织的炎症，并伴随巨噬细胞标志基因（包括F4/80、Cd68、Cd11b、Cd11c，以及编码炎症蛋白的Tnfα、Mcp-1和Ccr2）的mRNA水平降低[4]。