Carviolin is an anthraquinone fungal metabolite that has been found in Z. longicaudata with immunosuppressive and antitrypanosomal activities.1,2 It inhibits LPS- or concanavalin A-induced proliferation of mouse splenocytes (IC50s = 4 and 4.5 µg/ml, respectively).1 Carviolin is active against T. b. brucei (MIC = 41.66 µM).2
1.Fujimoto, H., Nakamura, E., Okuyama, E., et al.Six immunosuppressive features from an ascomycete, Zopfiella longicaudata, found in a screening study monitored by immunomodulatory activityChem. Pharm. Bull. (Tokyo)52(8)1005-1008(2004) 2.Aly, A.H., Debbab, A., Clements, C.M., et al.NF kappa B inhibitors and antitrypanosomal metabolites from endophytic fungus Penicillium sp. isolated from Limonium tubiflorumBioorg. Med. Chem.19(1)414-421(2011)