AT7519 trifluoroacetate as a potent inhibitor of CDKs, with IC50s of 210, 47, 100, 13, 170, and <10 nM for CDK1, CDK2, CDK4 to CDK6, and CDK9, respectively.
AT7519 (0-4 μM) results in dose-dependent cytotoxicity with IC50s ranging from 0.5 to 2 μM in MM cells, and this induced cytotoxicity is associated with GSK-3β activation independent of transcriptional inhibition. AT7519 overcomes proliferative advantage conferred by cytokines and the protective effect of BMSC. AT7519 (0.5 μM) induces apoptosis of MM cells in a time-dependent manner. Moreover, AT7519 (0.5 μM) inhibits phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II CTD and partially inhibits RNA synthesis in MM.1S cells[1]. AT7519 (250 nM) inhibits cell cycle progression in human tumor cell lines. AT7519 also induces apoptosis of human tumor cell lines[2]. AT7519 (100-700 nM) induces apoptosis in leukemia cell lines. AT7519 also inhibits transcription in human tumor cell lines. Furthermore, AT7519 inhibits RNA polymerase II and reduces antiapoptotic protein levels[3].
AT7519 inhibits tumor growth in a human MM xenograft mouse model[1]. AT7519 (4.6 and 9.1 mg/kg/dose) inhibits the growth of early-stage HCT116 tumor xenografts. AT7519 (10 mg/kg, i.p.) also inhibits the target CDKs in HCT116 tumor-bearing BALB/c nude mice[2].
References:
[1]. Santo L, et al. AT7519, A novel small molecule multi-cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, induces apoptosis in multiple myeloma via GSK-3beta activation and RNA polymerase II inhibition. Oncogene. 2010 Apr 22;29(16):2325-36.
[2]. Squires MS, et al. Biological characterization of AT7519, a small-molecule inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases, in human tumor cell lines. Biological characterization of AT7519, a small-molecule inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases, in human tumor cell lines.
[3]. Squires MS, et al. AT7519, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, exerts its effects by transcriptional inhibition in leukemia cell lines and patient samples. Mol Cancer Ther. 2010 Apr;9(4):920-8.