3-Oxobetulin is a pentacyclic triterpenoid and derivative of betulinic acid that has been found in I. macropoda and has diverse biological activities.1,2,3 It is active against the plant pathogenic fungi L. betulina and L. sulphureus when used at a concentration of 30 µg/ml.2 3-Oxobetulin reduces HIV-1 replication in MT-2 cells (IC50 = 4.1 µM) with a 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) value of greater than 100 µM.4 It inhibits cadmium-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells in a concentration-dependent manner.3
1.Kim, D.K., Nam, I.Y., Kim, J.W., et al.Pentacyclic triterpenoids from Ilex macropodaArch. Pharm. Res.25(5)617-620(2002) 2.Chien, S.-C., Xiao, J.-H., Tseng, Y.-H., et al.Composition and antifungal activity of balsam from Liquidambar formosana HanceHolzforschung67(3)345-351(2013) 3.Hiroya, K., Takahashi, T., Miura, N., et al.Synthesis of betulin derivatives and their protective effects against the cytotoxicity of cadmiumBioorg. Med. Chem.10(10)3229-3236(2002) 4.Callies, O., Bedoya, L.M., BeltrÁn, M., et al.Isolation, structural modification, and HIV inhibition of pentacyclic lupane-type triterpenoids from Cassine xylocarpa and Maytenus cuzcoinaJ. Nat. Prod.78(5)1045-1055(2015)