2-Oleoyl glycerol (2-OG) is a natural monoacylglycerol with an 18:1 oleoyl group at the sn-2 position of glycerol. 2-OG, like 2-arachidonoyl glycerol , is metabolized by monoacylglycerol lipase, but, unlike 2-AG, it is not metabolized by cyclooxygenases or lipoxygenases.[1][2][3] 2-OG is an agonist of GPR119 (EC50 = 2.5 µM), stimulating the release of glucagon-like peptide-1 from intestinal L-cells. [4]
Reference:
[1]. Brengdahl, J., and Fowler, C.J. A novel assay for monoacylglycerol hydrolysis suitable for high-throughput screening. Analytical Biochemistry 359, 40-44 (2006).
[2]. Ghafouri, N., Tiger, G., Razdan, R.K., et al. Inhibition of monoacylglycerol lipase and fatty acid amide hydrolase by analogues of 2-arachidonoylglycerol. British Journal of Pharmacology 143, 774-784 (2004).
[3]. Woodhams, S.G., Wong, A., Barrett, D.A., et al. Spinal administration of the monoacylglycerol lipase inhibitor JZL184 produces robust inhibitory effects on nociceptive processing and the development of central sensitization in the rat. Brit.J.Pharmacol. 167, 1609-1619 (2012).
[4]. Hansen, K.B., Rosenkilde, M.M., Knop, F.K., et al. 2-Oleoyl glycerol is a GRP119 agonist and signals GLP-1 release in humans. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 96(9), E1409-E1417 (2011).