1-Methyladenine is a methylated adenine nucleotide and a product of alkylation damage in DNA[1-2]. 1-Methyladenine is used in research related to DNA damage and developmental biology[3-4].
In vitro, diploid yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae BZ34 (adenine auxotroph) was treated with 1-Methyladenine (20mg/L) for 24–48 hours. 1-Methyladenine completely inhibited cell growth, but did not cause cell death or induce cytotoxic or genotoxic effects[5]. Starfish oocytes were treated with 1-Methyladenine (1µM) for 3–10 minutes. 1-Methyladenine induced germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD). When starfish oocytes were co-treated with 1-Methyladenine and the calcium ionophore A23187 (20µM), the formation of the fertilization envelope was completely suppressed, and the oocyte’s ability to form a fertilization envelope in response to elevated calcium was blocked[6].
References:
[1] Mita M. 1-Methyladenine: a starfish oocyte maturation-inducing substance. Zygote. 2000;8 Suppl 1:S9-11.
[2] Yuan L, Mao LH, Li JY. CAG Repeat Expansions Increase N1-Methyladenine to Alter TDP-43 Phase Separation: Lights Up Therapeutic Intervention for Neurodegeneration. Aging Dis. 2024 Mar 14;16(1):1–4.
[3] Mita M, Yoshikuni M, Nagahama Y. 1-Methyladenine production from ATP by starfish ovarian follicle cells. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1999 Jun 28;1428(1):13-20.
[4] DUNN DB. The occurrence of 1-methyladenine in ribonucleic acid. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1961 Jan 1;46:198-200.
[5] Murthy, M. Sreedhara, V. V Deorukhakar. Failure of exogenous methylated adenines to induce cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in yeast auxotrophic to adenine. Journal of Biosciences. 1985. 9: 223-229.
[6] Aida S, Matsumoto T, Yamazaki Y, et al. Rac1 Temporarily Suppresses Fertilization Envelope Formation Immediately After 1-Methyladenine Stimulation. Cells. 2025 Mar 10;14(6):405.
1-Methyladenine是一种甲基化的腺嘌呤核苷酸，是DNA中烷基化损伤的产物[1-2]。1-Methyladenine可用于DNA损伤、发育生物学的相关研究[3-4]。
在体外，1-Methyladenine（20mg/L）处理二倍体酵母Saccharomyces cerevisiae BZ34（腺嘌呤营养缺陷型）24-48小时。1-Methyladenine完全抑制细胞生长，但不导致细胞死亡且未诱发细胞毒性或遗传毒性效应[5]。1-Methyladenine（1μM）处理海星卵母细胞3-10分钟。1-Methyladenine可诱导胚泡破裂 （GVBD）。1-Methyladenine与钙离子载体A23187（20μM）共处理海星卵母细胞会完全抑制受精膜的形成，同时阻断了卵母细胞响应钙升高形成受精膜的能力[6]。